महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-82, verse-17

स समन्तात्परिवृतः पिता देवव्रतस्तव ।
चिक्रीड धनुषा राजन्पातयानो महारथान् ॥१७॥

17. sa samantātparivṛtaḥ pitā devavratastava ,
cikrīḍa dhanuṣā rājanpātayāno mahārathān.

17. saḥ samantāt parivṛtaḥ pitā devavrataḥ tava
cikrīḍa dhanuṣā rājan pātayānaḥ mahārathān

17. rājan tava pitā devavrataḥ samantāt parivṛtaḥ
mahārathān pātayānaḥ dhanuṣā saḥ cikrīḍa

17. O king, your father Devavrata, surrounded on all sides, fought with his bow, felling great charioteers (maharathas).

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he, that one

• समन्तात् (samantāt) - from all sides, all around, completely

• परिवृतः (parivṛtaḥ) - surrounded, encompassed

• पिता (pitā) - father

• देवव्रतः (devavrataḥ) - Devavrata (Bhishma)

• तव (tava) - your, of you

• चिक्रीड (cikrīḍa) - fought fiercely (played, fought, sported)

• धनुषा (dhanuṣā) - with a bow

• राजन् (rājan) - O king

• पातयानः (pātayānaḥ) - causing to fall, felling, striking down

• महारथान् (mahārathān) - great charioteers

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he, that one

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

समन्तात् (samantāt) - from all sides, all around, completely

(indeclinable)

ablative of samanta

परिवृतः (parivṛtaḥ) - surrounded, encompassed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of parivṛta

parivṛta - surrounded, encompassed, covered

Past Passive Participle

from pari- + vṛ (to cover)

Prefix: pari

Root: vṛ (class 5)

पिता (pitā) - father

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pitṛ

pitṛ - father

देवव्रतः (devavrataḥ) - Devavrata (Bhishma)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of devavrata

devavrata - one whose vow is for the gods; a proper name (Bhishma)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (deva+vrata)

• deva – god, divine
  noun (masculine)
• vrata – vow, sacred observance, religious practice
  noun (neuter)

तव (tava) - your, of you

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

चिक्रीड (cikrīḍa) - fought fiercely (played, fought, sported)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of krīḍ

Perfect Active

reduplicated root, 3rd person singular

Root: krīḍ (class 1)

धनुषा (dhanuṣā) - with a bow

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of dhanus

dhanus - bow

राजन् (rājan) - O king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

पातयानः (pātayānaḥ) - causing to fall, felling, striking down

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pātayāna

pātayāna - causing to fall, felling

Present Active Participle

Causative of pat (to fall) + śānac (middle voice participle ending)

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'saḥ' / 'devavrataḥ'.

महारथान् (mahārathān) - great charioteers

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of mahāratha

mahāratha - great charioteer, a warrior capable of fighting thousands simultaneously

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ratha)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective
• ratha – chariot; a warrior who fights from a chariot
  noun (masculine)