महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-82, verse-10

असंप्राप्तं ततस्तं तु क्षुरप्रेण महारथः ।
चिच्छेद समरे राजन्भीष्मस्तस्य धनुश्च्युतम् ॥१०॥

10. asaṁprāptaṁ tatastaṁ tu kṣurapreṇa mahārathaḥ ,
ciccheda samare rājanbhīṣmastasya dhanuścyutam.

10. asaṃprāptam tataḥ tam tu kṣurapreṇa mahārathaḥ
ciccheda samare rājan bhīṣmaḥ tasya dhanuḥ cyutam

10. rājan tu mahārathaḥ bhīṣmaḥ samare asaṃprāptam
tasya dhanuḥ cyutam tam kṣurapreṇa ciccheda

10. O King (rājan), before that arrow (tam), which was discharged from his (Yudhiṣṭhira's) bow and still in flight (asaṃprāptam), could reach, the great charioteer (mahārathaḥ) Bhishma cut it in battle (samare) with a razor-sharp arrow (kṣurapreṇa).

Words meanings summery:

• असंप्राप्तम् (asaṁprāptam) - before it reached, still in flight (unreached, not arrived, not obtained)

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (in sequence of events) (then, from there, afterwards)

• तम् (tam) - that (arrow) (that, him, it)

• तु (tu) - indeed, moreover (emphatic) (but, yet, indeed, and)

• क्षुरप्रेण (kṣurapreṇa) - with a razor-sharp arrow (with a razor-arrow, with a sharp-edged arrow)

• महारथः (mahārathaḥ) - the great charioteer (a great charioteer, a warrior who can fight thousands)

• चिच्छेद (ciccheda) - cut (he cut, he divided)

• समरे (samare) - in battle (in battle, in war)

• राजन् (rājan) - O King (vocative) (O King!)

• भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhishma (Bhishma (name of a Kuru warrior))

• तस्य (tasya) - his (Yudhiṣṭhira's) (his, its)

• धनुः (dhanuḥ) - bow

• च्युतम् (cyutam) - discharged (from the bow) (discharged, fallen, dropped)

Words meanings and morphology

असंप्राप्तम् (asaṁprāptam) - before it reached, still in flight (unreached, not arrived, not obtained)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of asaṃprāpta

asaṁprāpta - unobtained, unreached, not arrived

Past Passive Participle (negative)

Negative prefix 'a-' + 'saṃprāpta' (reached, obtained). 'Saṃprāpta' is from 'sam-pra-āp'.

Compound type : tatpurusha (a+saṃprāpta)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• saṃprāpta – reached, obtained, arrived
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From 'sam-pra-āp' + -ta suffix.
  Prefixes: sam+pra
  Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Qualifies the arrow ('tam').

ततः (tataḥ) - then (in sequence of events) (then, from there, afterwards)

(indeclinable)

Note: The 's' in 'tatastaṃ' is from the sandhi of 'tataḥ' before 'tam'.

तम् (tam) - that (arrow) (that, him, it)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, this, it

Note: Refers to the 'nārācam' from the previous verse.

तु (tu) - indeed, moreover (emphatic) (but, yet, indeed, and)

(indeclinable)

क्षुरप्रेण (kṣurapreṇa) - with a razor-sharp arrow (with a razor-arrow, with a sharp-edged arrow)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of kṣurapra

kṣurapra - a razor-arrow, an arrow with a broad, sharp head

महारथः (mahārathaḥ) - the great charioteer (a great charioteer, a warrior who can fight thousands)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahāratha

mahāratha - a great charioteer, a warrior of exceptional prowess (who can fight 10,000 men from his chariot)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (mahā+ratha)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• ratha – chariot, car, warrior (one who fights from a chariot)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to Bhishma.

चिच्छेद (ciccheda) - cut (he cut, he divided)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of chid

Perfect

Reduplicated perfect from root 'chid'.

Root: chid (class 7)

समरे (samare) - in battle (in battle, in war)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of samara

samara - battle, war, conflict

Root: smṛ (class 1)

राजन् (rājan) - O King (vocative) (O King!)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign

Root: rāj (class 1)

भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhishma (Bhishma (name of a Kuru warrior))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhishma (proper name); terrible, formidable

Root: bhī (class 3)

तस्य (tasya) - his (Yudhiṣṭhira's) (his, its)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, this, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Yudhiṣṭhira.

धनुः (dhanuḥ) - bow

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of dhanus

dhanus - bow

Note: Part of a compound or used adverbially with cyutam.

च्युतम् (cyutam) - discharged (from the bow) (discharged, fallen, dropped)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of cyuta

cyuta - fallen, dropped, discharged, deviated

Past Passive Participle

From root 'cyu' + -ta suffix.

Root: cyu (class 1)

Note: Qualifies the arrow 'tam'. 'Dhanuḥ cyutam' could be interpreted as a compound or a phrase 'discharged from the bow'.