महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-82, verse-32

तं श्रुत्वा निनदं घोरं तावकानां महारथौ ।
विन्दानुविन्दावावन्त्यौ पार्षतं प्रत्युपस्थितौ ॥३२॥

32. taṁ śrutvā ninadaṁ ghoraṁ tāvakānāṁ mahārathau ,
vindānuvindāvāvantyau pārṣataṁ pratyupasthitau.

32. tam śrutvā ninadam ghoram tāvakānām mahārathau
vinda-anuvindau āvantyau pārṣatam prati-upasthitau

32. tāvakānām tam ghoram ninadam śrutvā mahārathau
vinda-anuvindau āvantyau pārṣatam prati-upasthitau

32. Upon hearing that dreadful roar of your men, the two great charioteers, Vinda and Anuvinda of Avanti, confronted the son of Pṛṣata (Dhṛṣṭadyumna).

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - that

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

• निनदम् (ninadam) - sound, roar, cry

• घोरम् (ghoram) - terrible, dreadful, fearful

• तावकानाम् (tāvakānām) - of your men, of those belonging to you

• महारथौ (mahārathau) - two great charioteers

• विन्द-अनुविन्दौ (vinda-anuvindau) - The two princes of Avanti. (Vinda and Anuvinda)

• आवन्त्यौ (āvantyau) - The two princes of Avanti. (from Avanti, belonging to Avanti)

• पार्षतम् (pārṣatam) - Towards Dhṛṣṭadyumna. (towards the son of Pṛṣata)

• प्रति-उपस्थितौ (prati-upasthitau) - they approached, they confronted, they stood against

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - that

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Agrees with `ninadam`.

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Derived from verb root śru (to hear) + ktvā suffix

Root: śru (class 5)

निनदम् (ninadam) - sound, roar, cry

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ninada

ninada - sound, roar, cry, din

From root nad (to sound) with prefix ni

Prefix: ni

Root: nad (class 1)

Note: Object of `śrutvā`.

घोरम् (ghoram) - terrible, dreadful, fearful

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ghora

ghora - terrible, dreadful, fearful, formidable

Note: Agrees with `ninadam`.

तावकानाम् (tāvakānām) - of your men, of those belonging to you

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tāvaka

tāvaka - your, yours, belonging to you

Derived from 'tava' (your)

महारथौ (mahārathau) - two great charioteers

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of mahāratha

mahāratha - great charioteer, a warrior capable of fighting a thousand foes

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ratha)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• ratha – chariot, a warrior in a chariot
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to Vinda and Anuvinda.

विन्द-अनुविन्दौ (vinda-anuvindau) - The two princes of Avanti. (Vinda and Anuvinda)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of vinda-anuvinda

vinda-anuvinda - Vinda and Anuvinda (names of two brothers, princes of Avanti)

Compound type : dvandva (vinda+anuvinda)

• vinda – Vinda (a proper name)
  proper noun (masculine)
• anuvinda – Anuvinda (a proper name)
  proper noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of `prati-upasthitau`.

आवन्त्यौ (āvantyau) - The two princes of Avanti. (from Avanti, belonging to Avanti)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of āvantya

āvantya - belonging to Avanti, a king or prince of Avanti

Derived from 'Avanti' (a country/region)

Note: Agrees with `vinda-anuvindau`.

पार्षतम् (pārṣatam) - Towards Dhṛṣṭadyumna. (towards the son of Pṛṣata)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pārṣata

pārṣata - descendant of Pṛṣata, son of Pṛṣata

Derived from 'Pṛṣata' (father of Drupada, so here, a patronymic for Dhṛṣṭadyumna, son of Drupada, whose father was Pṛṣata)

Note: Object of preposition `prati` implicit in `prati-upasthitau`.

प्रति-उपस्थितौ (prati-upasthitau) - they approached, they confronted, they stood against

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of prati-upasthita

prati-upasthita - approached, confronted, stood against, present

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root sthā (to stand) with prefixes prati and upa

Prefixes: prati+upa

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Implies a past action by Vinda and Anuvinda.