महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-82, verse-28

ततः प्रववृते युद्धं व्यतिषक्तरथद्विपम् ।
अपरां दिशमास्थाय स्थिते सवितरि प्रभो ॥२८॥

28. tataḥ pravavṛte yuddhaṁ vyatiṣaktarathadvipam ,
aparāṁ diśamāsthāya sthite savitari prabho.

28. tataḥ pravavṛte yuddham vyatiṣaktarathadvipam
aparām diśam āsthāya sthite savitari prabho

28. prabho tataḥ savitari aparām diśam āsthāya sthite,
vyatiṣaktarathadvipam yuddham pravavṛte

28. Then, O lord, as the sun stood in the western direction, a battle commenced where chariots and elephants became entangled.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon

• प्रववृते (pravavṛte) - began, commenced, started

• युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle, war, fight

• व्यतिषक्तरथद्विपम् (vyatiṣaktarathadvipam) - describes the chaos of the battle (where chariots and elephants are entangled/intermingled)

• अपराम् (aparām) - western direction (western, other, later)

• दिशम् (diśam) - direction, quarter

• आस्थाय (āsthāya) - refers to the sun having taken its position in the west (having taken up, having occupied, having stood)

• स्थिते (sthite) - when the sun was set (locative absolute construction) (having stood, being situated, being set)

• सवितरी (savitarī) - when the sun was set (locative absolute construction) (in the sun, of the sun)

• प्रभो (prabho) - a form of address by Sanjaya to Dhritarashtra (O lord!, O master!)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon

(indeclinable)

प्रववृते (pravavṛte) - began, commenced, started

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past perfect (lit) of pra-vṛt

perfect

Prefix: pra

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Atmanepada form

युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle, war, fight

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - battle, war, fight

व्यतिषक्तरथद्विपम् (vyatiṣaktarathadvipam) - describes the chaos of the battle (where chariots and elephants are entangled/intermingled)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vyatiṣaktarathadvipa

vyatiṣaktarathadvipa - having chariots and elephants entangled, with intermingled chariots and elephants

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vyatiṣakta+ratha+dvipa)

• vyatiṣakta – entangled, intermingled
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  from root sañj with preverbs vi-ati
  Prefixes: vi+ati
  Root: sañj (class 1)
• ratha – chariot
  noun (masculine)
• dvipa – elephant (lit. 'twice-drinker')
  noun (masculine)

Note: qualifies yuddham

अपराम् (aparām) - western direction (western, other, later)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of apara

apara - other, posterior, western

Note: qualifies diśam

दिशम् (diśam) - direction, quarter

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of diś

diś - direction, quarter of the sky

आस्थाय (āsthāya) - refers to the sun having taken its position in the west (having taken up, having occupied, having stood)

(indeclinable)

absolutive

gerund from root sthā with preverb ā

Prefix: ā

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: often used to describe position or state

स्थिते (sthite) - when the sun was set (locative absolute construction) (having stood, being situated, being set)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of sthita

sthita - standing, situated, being, set

Past Passive Participle

from root sthā

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Part of locative absolute with savitari.

सवितरी (savitarī) - when the sun was set (locative absolute construction) (in the sun, of the sun)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of savitṛ

savitṛ - the sun, producer, stimulator

Note: Part of locative absolute with sthite.

प्रभो (prabho) - a form of address by Sanjaya to Dhritarashtra (O lord!, O master!)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of prabhu

prabhu - lord, master, king