महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-82, verse-35

ततो युधिष्ठिरो राजा महत्या सेनया वृतः ।
आवन्त्यौ समरे क्रुद्धावभ्ययात्स परंतपौ ॥३५॥

35. tato yudhiṣṭhiro rājā mahatyā senayā vṛtaḥ ,
āvantyau samare kruddhāvabhyayātsa paraṁtapau.

35. tataḥ yudhiṣṭhiraḥ rājā mahatyā senayā vṛtaḥ
āvantyau samare kruddhau abhyayāt saḥ paraṃtapau

35. tataḥ rājā yudhiṣṭhiraḥ mahatyā senayā vṛtaḥ
saḥ samare kruddhau paraṃtapau āvantyau abhyayāt

35. Then King Yudhiṣṭhira, accompanied by a large army, went forth to confront the two wrathful princes of Avanti (Āvantyau), those two tormentors of foes (paraṃtapau), in battle.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from that

• युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - King Yudhiṣṭhira, the eldest Pāṇḍava brother (Yudhiṣṭhira)

• राजा (rājā) - king

• महत्या (mahatyā) - great, large

• सेनया (senayā) - by army, with army

• वृतः (vṛtaḥ) - surrounded, accompanied, covered

• आवन्त्यौ (āvantyau) - Vinda and Anuvinda, princes of Avanti (the two princes of Avanti)

• समरे (samare) - in battle, in war

• क्रुद्धौ (kruddhau) - angry, enraged

• अभ्ययात् (abhyayāt) - he went towards, he approached

• सः (saḥ) - he

• परंतपौ (paraṁtapau) - the two tormentors of foes

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from that

(indeclinable)

adverbial use of ablative form

Root: tad

युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - King Yudhiṣṭhira, the eldest Pāṇḍava brother (Yudhiṣṭhira)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - firm in battle, Yudhiṣṭhira (name of the eldest Pāṇḍava)

'one who is firm in battle' (yudhi sthira)

Compound type : aluk-tatpuruṣa (yudhi+sthira)

• yudh – battle, war
  noun (feminine)
  locative form
  Root: yudh (class 4)
• sthira – firm, steady
  adjective (masculine)
  from root sthā (to stand)
  Root: sthā (class 1)

राजा (rājā) - king

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Root: rāj

महत्या (mahatyā) - great, large

(adjective)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, powerful

Root: mah

Note: Qualifies `senayā`.

सेनया (senayā) - by army, with army

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of senā

senā - army, host, military

Root: si

वृतः (vṛtaḥ) - surrounded, accompanied, covered

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vṛta

vṛta - surrounded, covered, chosen

Past Passive Participle

from vṛ (to cover, surround)

Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Qualifies `yudhiṣṭhiraḥ`.

आवन्त्यौ (āvantyau) - Vinda and Anuvinda, princes of Avanti (the two princes of Avanti)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, dual of āvantya

āvantya - belonging to Avanti, a native of Avanti, ruler of Avanti

Derived from Avanti (a country or city)

Note: Object of `abhyayāt`.

समरे (samare) - in battle, in war

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of samara

samara - battle, war, conflict

Root: mṛ

क्रुद्धौ (kruddhau) - angry, enraged

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, dual of kruddha

kruddha - angry, enraged

Past Passive Participle

from krudh (to be angry)

Root: krudh (class 4)

Note: Qualifies `āvantyau`.

अभ्ययात् (abhyayāt) - he went towards, he approached

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of abhi-i

Imperfect tense

3rd person singular, imperfect active of abhi-i

Prefix: abhi

Root: i (class 2)

सः (saḥ) - he

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he/she/it

Note: Refers to Yudhiṣṭhira.

परंतपौ (paraṁtapau) - the two tormentors of foes

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, dual of paraṃtapa

paraṁtapa - tormentor of foes, subduer of enemies

compound 'parāṃs tapati iti' (who burns/torments enemies)

Compound type : upapada-tatpuruṣa (param+tapa)

• para – enemy, other
  noun
  accusative plural of para
• tapa – one who torments/burns
  noun (masculine)
  Agent noun
  from tap (to burn, torment), suffix -a
  Root: tap (class 1)

Note: Qualifies `āvantyau`.

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