महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-82, verse-22

पतद्भिश्च महाराज शिरोभिर्धरणीतले ।
बभूव तुमुलः शब्दः पततामश्मनामिव ॥२२॥

22. patadbhiśca mahārāja śirobhirdharaṇītale ,
babhūva tumulaḥ śabdaḥ patatāmaśmanāmiva.

22. patadbhiḥ ca mahārāja śirobhiḥ dharaṇītale
babhūva tumulaḥ śabdaḥ patatām aśmanām iva

22. mahārāja,
dharaṇītale patadbhiḥ śirobhiḥ ca,
patatām aśmanām iva,
tumulaḥ śabdaḥ babhūva

22. O great king, a tumultuous sound arose on the ground from the falling heads, like the sound of falling stones.

Words meanings summery:

• पतद्भिः (patadbhiḥ) - (by the falling heads) (by the falling ones, by those falling)

• च (ca) - and

• महाराज (mahārāja) - (addressing Dhritarashtra) (O great king)

• शिरोभिः (śirobhiḥ) - by the heads

• धरणीतले (dharaṇītale) - on the surface of the earth, on the ground

• बभूव (babhūva) - became, there was

• तुमुलः (tumulaḥ) - tumultuous, mighty, great

• शब्दः (śabdaḥ) - sound, noise

• पतताम् (patatām) - of those falling, of falling

• अश्मनाम् (aśmanām) - of stones

• इव (iva) - like, as if

Words meanings and morphology

पतद्भिः (patadbhiḥ) - (by the falling heads) (by the falling ones, by those falling)

(adjective)

Instrumental, plural of patat

patat - falling, dropping

Present Active Participle

Derived from root 'pat' (to fall).

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'śirobhiḥ'.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

महाराज (mahārāja) - (addressing Dhritarashtra) (O great king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahārāja

mahārāja - great king, emperor

Compound of mahat (great) and rājan (king).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahat+rājan)

• mahat – great, large
  adjective
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rāj

शिरोभिः (śirobhiḥ) - by the heads

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of śiras

śiras - head

धरणीतले (dharaṇītale) - on the surface of the earth, on the ground

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of dharaṇītala

dharaṇītala - ground, surface of the earth

Compound of dharaṇī (earth) and tala (surface).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharaṇī+tala)

• dharaṇī – earth, ground
  noun (feminine)
  From root dhṛ (to hold).
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• tala – surface, plane, ground
  noun (neuter)

बभूव (babhūva) - became, there was

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of bhū

Perfect

Reduplicated perfect form of 'bhū'.

Root: bhū (class 1)

तुमुलः (tumulaḥ) - tumultuous, mighty, great

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tumula

tumula - tumultuous, violent, noisy

Note: Agrees with 'śabdaḥ'.

शब्दः (śabdaḥ) - sound, noise

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śabda

śabda - sound, noise, word

पतताम् (patatām) - of those falling, of falling

(adjective)

Genitive, plural of patat

patat - falling, dropping

Present Active Participle

Derived from root 'pat' (to fall).

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Used substantively (of falling things/stones).

अश्मनाम् (aśmanām) - of stones

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of aśman

aśman - stone, rock

इव (iva) - like, as if

(indeclinable)