महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-82, verse-31

तत्राक्रन्दो महानासीत्तावकानां महात्मनाम् ।
वध्यतां समरे राजन्पार्षतेन महात्मना ॥३१॥

31. tatrākrando mahānāsīttāvakānāṁ mahātmanām ,
vadhyatāṁ samare rājanpārṣatena mahātmanā.

31. tatra ākrandaḥ mahān āsīt tāvakānām mahātmanām
vadhyatām samare rājan pārṣatena mahātmanā

31. rājan tatra samare mahātmanā pārṣatena vadhyatām
tāvakānām mahātmanām mahān ākrandaḥ āsīt

31. O King, there arose a great cry of your noble men, who were being slain in battle by the mighty son of Pṛṣata (Dhṛṣṭadyumna).

Words meanings summery:

• तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place

• आक्रन्दः (ākrandaḥ) - cry, shout, lamentation, uproar

• महान् (mahān) - great, mighty, large

• आसीत् (āsīt) - there was, he/she/it was

• तावकानाम् (tāvakānām) - of your men, of those belonging to you

• महात्मनाम् (mahātmanām) - of the great-souled ones, of the noble ones

• वध्यताम् (vadhyatām) - of those being killed, of those being slain

• समरे (samare) - in battle, in conflict

• राजन् (rājan) - O King

• पार्षतेन (pārṣatena) - By Dhṛṣṭadyumna (by the son of Pṛṣata)

• महात्मना (mahātmanā) - by the great-souled one, by the noble one

Words meanings and morphology

तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place

(indeclinable)

आक्रन्दः (ākrandaḥ) - cry, shout, lamentation, uproar

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ākranda

ākranda - cry, shout, lamentation, uproar

From root krand (to cry, shout) with prefix ā

Prefix: ā

Root: krand (class 1)

Note: Subject of `āsīt`.

महान् (mahān) - great, mighty, large

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahat

mahat - great, mighty, large, eminent

Note: Agrees with `ākrandaḥ`.

आसीत् (āsīt) - there was, he/she/it was

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

तावकानाम् (tāvakānām) - of your men, of those belonging to you

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tāvaka

tāvaka - your, yours, belonging to you

Derived from 'tava' (your)

Note: Qualifies `mahātmanām` and `vadhyatām`.

महात्मनाम् (mahātmanām) - of the great-souled ones, of the noble ones

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled, noble, illustrious (referring to ātman)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahat+ātman)

• mahat – great, mighty
  adjective
• ātman – self, soul, spirit (ātman)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with `tāvakānām` and `vadhyatām`.

वध्यताम् (vadhyatām) - of those being killed, of those being slain

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of vadhyamāna

vadhyamāna - being killed, being slain

Present Passive Participle

Derived from verb root vadh (to strike, kill, cognate of han)

Root: vadh (class 1)

Note: Agrees with `tāvakānām` and `mahātmanām`.

समरे (samare) - in battle, in conflict

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of samara

samara - battle, war, conflict

Prefix: sam

Root: ṛ (class 1)

राजन् (rājan) - O King

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

पार्षतेन (pārṣatena) - By Dhṛṣṭadyumna (by the son of Pṛṣata)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of pārṣata

pārṣata - descendant of Pṛṣata, son of Pṛṣata

Derived from 'Pṛṣata' (father of Drupada, so here, a patronymic for Dhṛṣṭadyumna, son of Drupada, whose father was Pṛṣata)

Note: Agent of `vadhyatām` (implied with the verb).

महात्मना (mahātmanā) - by the great-souled one, by the noble one

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled, noble, illustrious (referring to ātman)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahat+ātman)

• mahat – great, mighty
  adjective
• ātman – self, soul, spirit (ātman)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with `pārṣatena`.