महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-40, verse-8

वाराहं रूपमास्थाय तर्कयन्तमिवार्जुनम् ।
हन्तुं परमदुष्टात्मा तमुवाचाथ फल्गुनः ॥८॥

8. vārāhaṁ rūpamāsthāya tarkayantamivārjunam ,
hantuṁ paramaduṣṭātmā tamuvācātha phalgunaḥ.

8. vārāham rūpam āsthāya tarkayantam iva arjunam
hantum paramaduṣṭātmā tam uvāca atha phālgunaḥ

8. The exceedingly evil-minded Mūka assumed the form of a boar, appearing as if challenging Arjuna, with the intent to kill him. Then Arjuna (Phālguna) spoke to him.

Words meanings summery:

• वाराहम् (vārāham) - of a boar, boarlike

• रूपम् (rūpam) - form, shape

• आस्थाय (āsthāya) - having assumed, having taken

• तर्कयन्तम् (tarkayantam) - Appearing as if challenging or plotting against. (speculating, considering, calculating, challenging)

• इव (iva) - as if, like, resembling

• अर्जुनम् (arjunam) - Arjuna

• हन्तुम् (hantum) - to kill

• परमदुष्टात्मा (paramaduṣṭātmā) - Referring to the demon Mūka. (the exceedingly evil-minded one, one whose soul (ātman) is utterly wicked)

• तम् (tam) - Referring to the demon Mūka (in boar form). (him, that)

• उवाच (uvāca) - he spoke

• अथ (atha) - then, now, thereupon

• फाल्गुनः (phālgunaḥ) - Arjuna, so named because he was born under the constellation Phalguni. (Phālguna (name of Arjuna))

Words meanings and morphology

वाराहम् (vārāham) - of a boar, boarlike

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vārāha

vārāha - relating to a boar, boarlike

Derived from varāha (boar).

Note: Adjective modifying 'rūpam'.

रूपम् (rūpam) - form, shape

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of rūpa

rūpa - form, shape, appearance, beauty

Note: Direct object of 'āsthāya'.

आस्थाय (āsthāya) - having assumed, having taken

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Formed from √sthā (class 1) with prefix ā-, using the -ya suffix (lyap).

Prefix: ā

Root: sthā (class 1)

तर्कयन्तम् (tarkayantam) - Appearing as if challenging or plotting against. (speculating, considering, calculating, challenging)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tarkayat

tarkayat - speculating, thinking, calculating, threatening, challenging

Present Active Participle

Derived from the root √tark (class 1 or 10) 'to speculate, consider, infer'. Here used causally or to denote appearance.

Root: tṛk (class 10)

इव (iva) - as if, like, resembling

(indeclinable)

अर्जुनम् (arjunam) - Arjuna

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of arjuna

arjuna - Arjuna (name of a hero), white, clear

Note: Object of the infinitive 'hantum', and implicitly the object of the 'tarkayantam' action.

हन्तुम् (hantum) - to kill

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

Derived from √han (class 2) using the -tum suffix (tumun).

Root: han (class 2)

परमदुष्टात्मा (paramaduṣṭātmā) - Referring to the demon Mūka. (the exceedingly evil-minded one, one whose soul (ātman) is utterly wicked)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of paramaduṣṭātman

paramaduṣṭātman - exceedingly evil-minded, very wicked soul

Composed of parama (supreme, exceedingly), duṣṭa (wicked), and ātman (self, soul).

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (parama+duṣṭa+ātman)

• parama – supreme, highest, utmost, exceedingly
  adjective (masculine)
• duṣṭa – wicked, corrupted, evil, spoiled
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from √duṣ (to be bad, corrupt).
  Root: duṣ (class 4)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, (ātman)
  noun (masculine)
  Root: an (class 2)

Note: Subject, referring to Mūka.

तम् (tam) - Referring to the demon Mūka (in boar form). (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, this, he, she, it

Note: Direct object of 'uvāca'.

उवाच (uvāca) - he spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect

Root vac (class 2), Parasmaipada, 3rd person singular, reduplicated perfect tense.

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Its subject is 'phālgunaḥ'.

अथ (atha) - then, now, thereupon

(indeclinable)

फाल्गुनः (phālgunaḥ) - Arjuna, so named because he was born under the constellation Phalguni. (Phālguna (name of Arjuna))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of phālguna

phālguna - Arjuna (born under the constellation Phalguni)

Note: Subject of the verb 'uvāca'.