महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-164, verse-56

शृण्वन्वै गीतशब्दं च तूर्यशब्दं च पुष्कलम् ।
पश्यंश्चाप्सरसः श्रेष्ठा नृत्यमानाः परंतप ॥५६॥

56. śṛṇvanvai gītaśabdaṁ ca tūryaśabdaṁ ca puṣkalam ,
paśyaṁścāpsarasaḥ śreṣṭhā nṛtyamānāḥ paraṁtapa.

56. śṛṇvan vai gīta-śabdam ca tūrya-śabdam ca puṣkalam
paśyan ca apsarasaḥ śreṣṭhāḥ nṛtyamānāḥ paraṃtapa

56. Indeed, O tormentor of foes, I was hearing the excellent sounds of singing and musical instruments, and seeing the best of the apsarases dancing.

56. שמעתי קולות שירה וצלילי כלי נגינה רבים, וראיתי את האַפְּסַרוֹת המובחרות רוקדות, הו קוטל אויבים.

Words meanings summery:

• शृण्वन् (śṛṇvan) - hearing

• वै (vai) - indeed, surely, verily

• गीत-शब्दम् (gīta-śabdam) - sound of singing, musical sound

• च (ca) - and

• तूर्य-शब्दम् (tūrya-śabdam) - sound of musical instruments

• च (ca) - and

• पुष्कलम् (puṣkalam) - Referring to the abundance or excellence of the sounds. (abundant, excellent, full)

• पश्यन् (paśyan) - seeing, beholding

• च (ca) - and

• अप्सरसः (apsarasaḥ) - apsarases (celestial dancers)

• श्रेष्ठाः (śreṣṭhāḥ) - Referring to the most beautiful and skilled apsarases. (best, most excellent)

• नृत्यमानाः (nṛtyamānāḥ) - dancing

• परंतप (paraṁtapa) - An epithet for Yudhiṣṭhira, to whom Arjuna is speaking. (O tormentor of foes)

Words meanings and morphology

शृण्वन् (śṛṇvan) - hearing

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śṛṇvat

śṛṇvat - hearing, listening

Present Active Participle

From root 'śru' (to hear), class 5, with 'śatṛ' suffix

Root: śru (class 5)

वै (vai) - indeed, surely, verily

(indeclinable)

गीत-शब्दम् (gīta-śabdam) - sound of singing, musical sound

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of gīta-śabda

gīta-śabda - sound of singing, song-sound

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (gīta+śabda)

• gīta – sung, song (as a noun)
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Past passive participle of root 'gai' (to sing)
  Root: gai (class 1)
• śabda – sound, noise, word
  noun (masculine)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

तूर्य-शब्दम् (tūrya-śabdam) - sound of musical instruments

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tūrya-śabda

tūrya-śabda - sound of musical instruments

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (tūrya+śabda)

• tūrya – musical instrument
  noun (neuter)
• śabda – sound, noise, word
  noun (masculine)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

पुष्कलम् (puṣkalam) - Referring to the abundance or excellence of the sounds. (abundant, excellent, full)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of puṣkala

puṣkala - abundant, full, copious, excellent, splendid

Note: Modifies 'śabdam' (sound).

पश्यन् (paśyan) - seeing, beholding

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of paśyat

paśyat - seeing, beholding

Present Active Participle

From root 'dṛś' (to see), class 1 (irregular in present stem as 'paśy-'), with 'śatṛ' suffix

Root: dṛś (class 1)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

अप्सरसः (apsarasaḥ) - apsarases (celestial dancers)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of apsaras

apsaras - apsaras (a class of celestial nymphs or dancers in Indra's heaven)

Note: Object of 'paśyan'.

श्रेष्ठाः (śreṣṭhāḥ) - Referring to the most beautiful and skilled apsarases. (best, most excellent)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, plural of śreṣṭha

śreṣṭha - best, most excellent, superior, chief

Superlative degree from root 'praśasya' (to praise)

Note: Modifies 'apsarasaḥ'.

नृत्यमानाः (nṛtyamānāḥ) - dancing

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, plural of nṛtyamāna

nṛtyamāna - dancing, being danced

Present Middle Participle

From root 'nṛt' (to dance), class 4, with 'śānac' suffix

Root: nṛt (class 4)

परंतप (paraṁtapa) - An epithet for Yudhiṣṭhira, to whom Arjuna is speaking. (O tormentor of foes)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of paraṃtapa

paraṁtapa - tormentor of foes, oppressor of enemies

'param' (enemy) + 'tapa' (burning, tormenting)

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