महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-164, verse-38

देवराजोऽपि हि मया नित्यमत्रोपलक्षितः ।
विचलन्प्रथमोत्पाते हयानां भरतर्षभ ॥३८॥

38. devarājo'pi hi mayā nityamatropalakṣitaḥ ,
vicalanprathamotpāte hayānāṁ bharatarṣabha.

38. devarājaḥ api hi mayā nityam atra upalakṣitaḥ
vicalan prathamotpāte hayānām bharatarṣabha

38. Indeed, O best of Bharatas, even Indra, the king of the gods, I have always observed to sway here at the very first charge of the horses.

38. הרי אפילו את אִינְדְרַה, מלך האלים, ראיתי כאן תמיד מתנודד בזינוק הראשון של הסוסים, הו גדול בני בְּהַרַטַה.

Words meanings summery:

• देवराजः (devarājaḥ) - Indra (king of gods)

• अपि (api) - even (also, even, too)

• हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, because)

• मया (mayā) - by me

• नित्यम् (nityam) - always, constantly

• अत्र (atra) - here, in this place

• उपलक्षितः (upalakṣitaḥ) - observed, noticed, perceived

• विचलन् (vicalan) - swaying, moving, staggering

• प्रथमोत्पाते (prathamotpāte) - at the first charge/onset

• हयानाम् (hayānām) - of horses

• भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - O Arjuna (O best of Bharatas, O chief of Bharatas)

Words meanings and morphology

देवराजः (devarājaḥ) - Indra (king of gods)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of devarāja

devarāja - king of gods, Indra

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (deva+rājan)

• deva – god, deity, divine being
  noun (masculine)
  Root: √div (class 4)
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  Root: √rāj (class 1)

Note: Subject of the participle `vicalan`.

अपि (api) - even (also, even, too)

(indeclinable)

हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, because)

(indeclinable)

मया (mayā) - by me

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of aham

aham - I

Note: Agent of the passive participle `upalakṣitaḥ`.

नित्यम् (nityam) - always, constantly

(indeclinable)

अत्र (atra) - here, in this place

(indeclinable)

उपलक्षितः (upalakṣitaḥ) - observed, noticed, perceived

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of upalakṣita

upalakṣita - observed, noticed, perceived, indicated

Past Passive Participle

Formed from `upa + √lakṣ` (to observe) + `kta` suffix.

Prefix: upa

Root: √lakṣ (class 10)

Note: Agrees with `devarājaḥ`.

विचलन् (vicalan) - swaying, moving, staggering

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vicalat

vicalat - swaying, moving, departing, wavering

Present Active Participle

Formed from `vi + √cal` (to move) + `śatṛ` suffix.

Prefix: vi

Root: √cal (class 1)

Note: Agrees with `devarājaḥ`.

प्रथमोत्पाते (prathamotpāte) - at the first charge/onset

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of prathamotpāta

prathamotpāta - first onset, initial charge, initial outburst

Compound type : karmadhāraya (prathama+utpāta)

• prathama – first, foremost, principal
  adjective (masculine)
• utpāta – leap, jump, flight, onset, charge, calamity, omen
  noun (masculine)
  From `ut + √pat` (to fall/fly).
  Prefix: ut
  Root: √pat (class 1)

हयानाम् (hayānām) - of horses

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of haya

haya - horse

From `√hi` (to go, to impel).

Root: √hi (class 5)

Note: Possessive, modifying `prathamotpāte`.

भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - O Arjuna (O best of Bharatas, O chief of Bharatas)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bharatarṣabha

bharatarṣabha - bull among Bharatas, best of Bharatas, chief of Bharatas

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (bharata+ṛṣabha)

• bharata – Bharata (an ancient king, or a descendant of Bharata)
  proper noun (masculine)
  Root: √bhṛ (class 1)
• ṛṣabha – bull, best, chief, excellent
  noun (masculine)

Note: Address to Arjuna.

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