महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-164, verse-38

देवराजोऽपि हि मया नित्यमत्रोपलक्षितः ।
विचलन्प्रथमोत्पाते हयानां भरतर्षभ ॥३८॥

38. devarājo'pi hi mayā nityamatropalakṣitaḥ ,
vicalanprathamotpāte hayānāṁ bharatarṣabha.

38. devarājaḥ api hi mayā nityam atra upalakṣitaḥ
vicalan prathamotpāte hayānām bharatarṣabha

38. Indeed, O best of Bharatas, even Indra, the king of the gods, I have always observed to sway here at the very first charge of the horses.

Words meanings summery:

• देवराजः (devarājaḥ) - Indra (king of gods)

• अपि (api) - even (also, even, too)

• हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, because)

• मया (mayā) - by me

• नित्यम् (nityam) - always, constantly

• अत्र (atra) - here, in this place

• उपलक्षितः (upalakṣitaḥ) - observed, noticed, perceived

• विचलन् (vicalan) - swaying, moving, staggering

• प्रथमोत्पाते (prathamotpāte) - at the first charge/onset

• हयानाम् (hayānām) - of horses

• भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - O Arjuna (O best of Bharatas, O chief of Bharatas)

Words meanings and morphology

देवराजः (devarājaḥ) - Indra (king of gods)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of devarāja

devarāja - king of gods, Indra

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (deva+rājan)

• deva – god, deity, divine being
  noun (masculine)
  Root: √div (class 4)
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  Root: √rāj (class 1)

Note: Subject of the participle `vicalan`.

अपि (api) - even (also, even, too)

(indeclinable)

हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, because)

(indeclinable)

मया (mayā) - by me

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of aham

aham - I

Note: Agent of the passive participle `upalakṣitaḥ`.

नित्यम् (nityam) - always, constantly

(indeclinable)

अत्र (atra) - here, in this place

(indeclinable)

उपलक्षितः (upalakṣitaḥ) - observed, noticed, perceived

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of upalakṣita

upalakṣita - observed, noticed, perceived, indicated

Past Passive Participle

Formed from `upa + √lakṣ` (to observe) + `kta` suffix.

Prefix: upa

Root: √lakṣ (class 10)

Note: Agrees with `devarājaḥ`.

विचलन् (vicalan) - swaying, moving, staggering

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vicalat

vicalat - swaying, moving, departing, wavering

Present Active Participle

Formed from `vi + √cal` (to move) + `śatṛ` suffix.

Prefix: vi

Root: √cal (class 1)

Note: Agrees with `devarājaḥ`.

प्रथमोत्पाते (prathamotpāte) - at the first charge/onset

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of prathamotpāta

prathamotpāta - first onset, initial charge, initial outburst

Compound type : karmadhāraya (prathama+utpāta)

• prathama – first, foremost, principal
  adjective (masculine)
• utpāta – leap, jump, flight, onset, charge, calamity, omen
  noun (masculine)
  From `ut + √pat` (to fall/fly).
  Prefix: ut
  Root: √pat (class 1)

हयानाम् (hayānām) - of horses

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of haya

haya - horse

From `√hi` (to go, to impel).

Root: √hi (class 5)

Note: Possessive, modifying `prathamotpāte`.

भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - O Arjuna (O best of Bharatas, O chief of Bharatas)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bharatarṣabha

bharatarṣabha - bull among Bharatas, best of Bharatas, chief of Bharatas

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (bharata+ṛṣabha)

• bharata – Bharata (an ancient king, or a descendant of Bharata)
  proper noun (masculine)
  Root: √bhṛ (class 1)
• ṛṣabha – bull, best, chief, excellent
  noun (masculine)

Note: Address to Arjuna.