महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-164, verse-54

विश्वावसोश्च मे पुत्रश्चित्रसेनोऽभवत्सखा ।
स च गान्धर्वमखिलं ग्राहयामास मां नृप ॥५४॥

54. viśvāvasośca me putraścitraseno'bhavatsakhā ,
sa ca gāndharvamakhilaṁ grāhayāmāsa māṁ nṛpa.

54. viśvāvasoḥ ca me putraḥ citrasenaḥ abhavat sakhā
saḥ ca gāndharvam akhilam grāhayāmāsa mām nṛpa

54. And Citrasena, the son of Viśvāvasu, became my friend. And he taught me, O king, the entire art of the gandharvas.

Words meanings summery:

• विश्वावसोः (viśvāvasoḥ) - Of Viśvāvasu, a famous Gandharva. (of Viśvāvasu)

• च (ca) - and

• मे (me) - my, to me

• पुत्रः (putraḥ) - son

• चित्रसेनः (citrasenaḥ) - Name of a Gandharva, son of Viśvāvasu. (Citrasena)

• अभवत् (abhavat) - became, was

• सखा (sakhā) - friend, companion

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• च (ca) - and

• गान्धर्वम् (gāndharvam) - The musical and artistic knowledge/skill of the gandharvas. (the art/lore of the gandharvas, relating to gandharvas)

• अखिलम् (akhilam) - entire, complete, whole

• ग्राहयामास (grāhayāmāsa) - he taught, he caused to be learned

• माम् (mām) - me

• नृप (nṛpa) - An epithet for Yudhiṣṭhira, to whom Arjuna is speaking. (O king)

Words meanings and morphology

विश्वावसोः (viśvāvasoḥ) - Of Viśvāvasu, a famous Gandharva. (of Viśvāvasu)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of viśvāvasu

viśvāvasu - Viśvāvasu (name of a prominent Gandharva)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

मे (me) - my, to me

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I (first person pronoun)

Note: Enclitic form of 'mama'.

पुत्रः (putraḥ) - son

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son, child

चित्रसेनः (citrasenaḥ) - Name of a Gandharva, son of Viśvāvasu. (Citrasena)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of citrasena

citrasena - Citrasena (a proper name, often of a Gandharva)

अभवत् (abhavat) - became, was

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)

सखा (sakhā) - friend, companion

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sakhi

sakhi - friend, companion, comrade

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that (demonstrative pronoun), he/she/it

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

गान्धर्वम् (gāndharvam) - The musical and artistic knowledge/skill of the gandharvas. (the art/lore of the gandharvas, relating to gandharvas)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of gāndharva

gāndharva - relating to Gandharvas; Gandharva art/music; a type of marriage; a celestial singer

Derived from 'gandharva'

Note: Adjective functioning as a noun, referring to Gandharva art/lore.

अखिलम् (akhilam) - entire, complete, whole

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of akhila

akhila - entire, complete, whole, undiminished

Neg. prefix 'a-' + 'khila' (gap, deficiency)

ग्राहयामास (grāhayāmāsa) - he taught, he caused to be learned

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of grah

Causative Perfect

Causative form of 'grah' (to take, learn), root class 9, in the Perfect tense (lit). 'grāhayati' (causes to take/learn), 'grāhayāmāsa' (he caused to learn, i.e., taught).

Root: grah (class 9)

माम् (mām) - me

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of asmad

asmad - I (first person pronoun)

नृप (nṛpa) - An epithet for Yudhiṣṭhira, to whom Arjuna is speaking. (O king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of nṛpa

nṛpa - king, monarch, ruler

'nṛ' (man) + 'pa' (protector, from root 'pā' to protect)