महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-158, verse-55

स कोपान्मामुवाचेदं दिशः सर्वा दहन्निव ।
मामवज्ञाय दुष्टात्मा यस्मादेष सखा तव ॥५५॥

55. sa kopānmāmuvācedaṁ diśaḥ sarvā dahanniva ,
māmavajñāya duṣṭātmā yasmādeṣa sakhā tava.

55. sa kopāt mām uvāca idam diśaḥ sarvāḥ dahan iva
| mām avajñāya duṣṭātmā yasmāt eṣaḥ sakhā tava

55. With anger, as if burning all directions, he (the sage) said this to me: "Because this wicked-souled friend of yours has insulted me..."

Words meanings summery:

• स (sa) - Refers to the great sage mentioned in the previous verse. (he, that)

• कोपात् (kopāt) - from anger, due to anger

• माम् (mām) - me

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke

• इदम् (idam) - Refers to the following speech. (this, this (word/statement))

• दिशः (diśaḥ) - directions

• सर्वाः (sarvāḥ) - all, whole

• दहन् (dahan) - burning

• इव (iva) - as if, like, as

• माम् (mām) - me

• अवज्ञाय (avajñāya) - having disregarded, having insulted

• दुष्टात्मा (duṣṭātmā) - Refers to Maṇimān. (wicked-souled, evil-minded)

• यस्मात् (yasmāt) - because, from which

• एषः (eṣaḥ) - Refers to Maṇimān. (this one, he)

• सखा (sakhā) - friend

• तव (tava) - your, of you

Words meanings and morphology

स (sa) - Refers to the great sage mentioned in the previous verse. (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

कोपात् (kopāt) - from anger, due to anger

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of kopa

kopa - anger, wrath

Root: kup (class 4)

Note: 'From/out of' anger.

माम् (mām) - me

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, my, me

Note: Object of uvāca (said to me).

उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Root vac (to speak).

इदम् (idam) - Refers to the following speech. (this, this (word/statement))

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this here

Note: Object of uvāca.

दिशः (diśaḥ) - directions

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of diś

diś - direction, quarter

Note: Object of dahan (burning).

सर्वाः (sarvāḥ) - all, whole

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Note: Agrees with diśaḥ.

दहन् (dahan) - burning

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dahat

dahat - burning, scorching

Present Active Participle

Derived from root dah (to burn).

Root: dah (class 1)

Note: Qualifies the implied subject 'sa' (he, the sage).

इव (iva) - as if, like, as

(indeclinable)

Note: Indicates comparison or similitude.

माम् (mām) - me

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, my, me

Note: Object of avajñāya.

अवज्ञाय (avajñāya) - having disregarded, having insulted

(indeclinable)

absolutive/gerund

Derived from root jñā (to know) with prefix ava.

Prefix: ava

Root: jñā (class 9)

दुष्टात्मा (duṣṭātmā) - Refers to Maṇimān. (wicked-souled, evil-minded)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of duṣṭātman

duṣṭātman - wicked-souled, evil-minded, depraved person

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (duṣṭa+ātman)

• duṣṭa – corrupted, wicked, bad
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Root duṣ (to be corrupt).
  Root: duṣ (class 4)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence (ātman)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies eṣaḥ (this one).

यस्मात् (yasmāt) - because, from which

(pronoun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, who, what

Note: Introduces a reason 'because'.

एषः (eṣaḥ) - Refers to Maṇimān. (this one, he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this, this one

Note: Subject of the clause.

सखा (sakhā) - friend

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sakhi

sakhi - friend, companion

Note: Predicate nominative for eṣaḥ.

तव (tava) - your, of you

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you, your

Note: Qualifies sakhā.