महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-158, verse-45

एवमुक्त्वा तु राजानं भीमसेनमभाषत ।
नैतन्मनसि मे तात वर्तते कुरुसत्तम ।
यदिदं साहसं भीम कृष्णार्थे कृतवानसि ॥४५॥

45. evamuktvā tu rājānaṁ bhīmasenamabhāṣata ,
naitanmanasi me tāta vartate kurusattama ,
yadidaṁ sāhasaṁ bhīma kṛṣṇārthe kṛtavānasi.

45. evam uktvā tu rājānam bhīmasenam
abhāṣata na etat manasi me tāta
vartate kurusattama yat idam
sāhasam bhīma kṛṣṇārthe kṛtavān asi

45. Having spoken thus, he then addressed King Bhīmasena: 'O dear one, O best of the Kurus, this (anger) is not in my mind concerning this brave act which you, Bhīma, performed for Kṛṣṇa's sake.'

Words meanings summery:

• एवम् (evam) - thus, so, in this manner

• उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having spoken, having said

• तु (tu) - and then (but, indeed, then)

• राजानम् (rājānam) - Referring to Yudhiṣṭhira. (king)

• भीमसेनम् (bhīmasenam) - Bhīmasena

• अभाषत (abhāṣata) - he addressed, he spoke

• न (na) - not, no

• एतत् (etat) - Referring to anger or displeasure. (this)

• मनसि (manasi) - is (present) in my mind. (in the mind, in the heart)

• मे (me) - my, to me

• तात (tāta) - Affectionate address to a younger person (Bhīmasena). (dear one, father)

• वर्तते (vartate) - is (present) in my mind. (exists, remains, is)

• कुरुसत्तम (kurusattama) - Addressing Bhīmasena. (O best of Kurus)

• यत् (yat) - which, what, that

• इदम् (idam) - this

• साहसम् (sāhasam) - daring act, bravery, violence

• भीम (bhīma) - Addressing Bhīmasena. (O Bhīma)

• कृष्णार्थे (kṛṣṇārthe) - for Kṛṣṇa's sake, on account of Kṛṣṇa

• कृतवान् (kṛtavān) - you (Bhīma) who have done. (having done, who has done, performed)

• असि (asi) - you are

Words meanings and morphology

एवम् (evam) - thus, so, in this manner

(indeclinable)

उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having spoken, having said

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root vac (to speak) with suffix -ktvā. Root vac changes to uk.

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Functions adverbially as 'having spoken'.

तु (tu) - and then (but, indeed, then)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used as a particle to indicate continuation or slight contrast.

राजानम् (rājānam) - Referring to Yudhiṣṭhira. (king)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

n-stem noun.

Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: Object of abhāṣata.

भीमसेनम् (bhīmasenam) - Bhīmasena

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhīmasena

bhīmasena - Bhīmasena (name of a Pāṇḍava brother)

Note: Object of abhāṣata.

अभाषत (abhāṣata) - he addressed, he spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of bhāṣ

Imperfect Tense

Third person singular, Ātmanepada, imperfect indicative of root bhāṣ. Augment 'a' indicates past tense.

Root: bhāṣ (class 1)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

एतत् (etat) - Referring to anger or displeasure. (this)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this (demonstrative pronoun)

Nominative singular neuter form.

Note: Subject of vartate.

मनसि (manasi) - is (present) in my mind. (in the mind, in the heart)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of manas

manas - mind, intellect, heart, spirit

s-stem noun.

Root: man (class 4)

मे (me) - my, to me

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we (first person pronoun)

Alternate form for genitive/dative singular.

तात (tāta) - Affectionate address to a younger person (Bhīmasena). (dear one, father)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of tāta

tāta - father, dear one, beloved (term of endearment, often used by elders addressing younger people)

वर्तते (vartate) - is (present) in my mind. (exists, remains, is)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of vṛt

Present Tense

Third person singular, Ātmanepada, present indicative of root vṛt.

Root: vṛt (class 1)

कुरुसत्तम (kurusattama) - Addressing Bhīmasena. (O best of Kurus)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of kurusattama

kurusattama - best of the Kurus (epithet)

A tatpuruṣa compound meaning 'best among the Kurus'.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kuru+sattama)

• kuru – Kuru (name of an ancient king, and his descendants, a lineage)
  proper noun (masculine)
• sattama – best, excellent (superlative of sat)
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative suffix -tama added to sat (good, existing).
  Root: as (class 2)

यत् (yat) - which, what, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, that (relative pronoun)

इदम् (idam) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this here (demonstrative pronoun)

साहसम् (sāhasam) - daring act, bravery, violence

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sāhasa

sāhasa - daring, temerity, audacity, violence, force

भीम (bhīma) - Addressing Bhīmasena. (O Bhīma)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhīma

bhīma - terrible, frightful, Bhīma (name of a Pāṇḍava brother)

Root: bhī (class 3)

कृष्णार्थे (kṛṣṇārthe) - for Kṛṣṇa's sake, on account of Kṛṣṇa

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of kṛṣṇārtha

kṛṣṇārtha - for Kṛṣṇa's sake, on behalf of Kṛṣṇa

A tatpuruṣa compound: Kṛṣṇa + artha.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kṛṣṇa+artha)

• kṛṣṇa – Kṛṣṇa (name of a deity and character in the Mahābhārata)
  proper noun (masculine)
  Root: kṛṣ (class 1)
• artha – purpose, aim, meaning, sake, wealth
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ṛ (class 3)

कृतवान् (kṛtavān) - you (Bhīma) who have done. (having done, who has done, performed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṛtavat

kṛtavat - having done, performed (past active participle)

Past Active Participle

Derived from root kṛ (to do, to make) with suffix -tavat.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Refers to the subject 'you' (implied from asi).

असि (asi) - you are

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Present Tense

Second person singular, Parasmaipada, present indicative of root as.

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Used as an auxiliary verb with kṛtavān to form a past tense 'you have done'.