महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-158, verse-1

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
श्रुत्वा बहुविधैः शब्दैर्नाद्यमाना गिरेर्गुहाः ।
अजातशत्रुः कौन्तेयो माद्रीपुत्रावुभावपि ॥१॥

1. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
śrutvā bahuvidhaiḥ śabdairnādyamānā girerguhāḥ ,
ajātaśatruḥ kaunteyo mādrīputrāvubhāvapi.

1. vaiśampāyanaḥ uvāca śrutvā bahu-vidhaiḥ śabdaiḥ nādyamānāḥ
gireḥ guhāḥ ajāta-śatruḥ kaunteyaḥ mādrī-putrau ubhau api

1. Vaiśaṃpāyana said: Having heard the mountain caves resonating with various kinds of sounds, Ajātaśatru (Yudhiṣṭhira) and the two sons of Mādrī (Nakula and Sahadeva) also...

Words meanings summery:

• वैशम्पायनः (vaiśampāyanaḥ) - The narrator of the Mahābhārata to Janamejaya. (Vaiśaṃpāyana (name of a sage))

• उवाच (uvāca) - Vaiśaṃpāyana said. (he said, he spoke)

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - Yudhiṣṭhira and the Mādrīputras having heard. (having heard, having listened)

• बहु-विधैः (bahu-vidhaiḥ) - of many kinds, various

• शब्दैः (śabdaiḥ) - by sounds, by noises

• नाद्यमानाः (nādyamānāḥ) - Referring to the caves echoing. (being made to resound, being filled with noise)

• गिरेः (gireḥ) - of the mountain

• गुहाः (guhāḥ) - caves, grottoes

• अजात-शत्रुः (ajāta-śatruḥ) - A title for King Yudhiṣṭhira. (one whose enemies are not born, having no enemies)

• कौन्तेयः (kaunteyaḥ) - Referring to Yudhiṣṭhira, son of Kuntī (Pandu's first wife). (son of Kuntī)

• माद्री-पुत्रौ (mādrī-putrau) - Nakula and Sahadeva. (the two sons of Mādrī)

• उभौ (ubhau) - Refers to both Nakula and Sahadeva. (both)

• अपि (api) - Emphasizes that Yudhiṣṭhira and the Mādrīputras also heard. (also, even, too)

Words meanings and morphology

वैशम्पायनः (vaiśampāyanaḥ) - The narrator of the Mahābhārata to Janamejaya. (Vaiśaṃpāyana (name of a sage))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśampāyana

vaiśampāyana - Vaiśaṃpāyana (a disciple of Vyāsa, narrator of the Mahābhārata)

Note: Subject of 'uvāca'.

उवाच (uvāca) - Vaiśaṃpāyana said. (he said, he spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (Lit) of vac

Perfect active

Perfect active 3rd person singular from root vac.

Root: vac (class 2)

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - Yudhiṣṭhira and the Mādrīputras having heard. (having heard, having listened)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Derived from root śru.

Root: śru (class 5)

Note: Its subject is 'ajāta-śatruḥ' and 'mādrī-putrau'.

बहु-विधैः (bahu-vidhaiḥ) - of many kinds, various

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of bahu-vidha

bahu-vidha - various, of many sorts, manifold

Compound type : Karmadhāraya (bahu+vidha)

• bahu – many, much, numerous
  adjective
• vidha – kind, sort, manner
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with 'śabdaiḥ'.

शब्दैः (śabdaiḥ) - by sounds, by noises

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śabda

śabda - sound, noise, word

Note: Agent by which the caves are made to resound.

नाद्यमानाः (nādyamānāḥ) - Referring to the caves echoing. (being made to resound, being filled with noise)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of nādayamāna

nādayamāna - causing to sound, making resound

Present Middle Participle (causative)

Derived from causative of root nad (to sound) + śānac suffix.

Root: nad (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'guhāḥ'.

गिरेः (gireḥ) - of the mountain

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of giri

giri - mountain, hill

Root: gṝ (class 6)

Note: Possessive, refers to 'guhāḥ'.

गुहाः (guhāḥ) - caves, grottoes

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of guhā

guhā - cave, grotto, cavern

Root: guh (class 1)

Note: Object of 'śrutvā' (implicitly as part of the resonating sound).

अजात-शत्रुः (ajāta-śatruḥ) - A title for King Yudhiṣṭhira. (one whose enemies are not born, having no enemies)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ajāta-śatru

ajāta-śatru - one who has no enemies, unconquered, a title for Yudhiṣṭhira

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (ajāta+śatru)

• ajāta – unborn, not born, not produced
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From a- (negation) + jāta (from root jan to be born).
  Root: jan (class 4)
• śatru – enemy, foe, rival
  noun (masculine)

Note: One of the subjects of the implied main verb (which is omitted in this incomplete verse).

कौन्तेयः (kaunteyaḥ) - Referring to Yudhiṣṭhira, son of Kuntī (Pandu's first wife). (son of Kuntī)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kaunteya

kaunteya - son of Kuntī (e.g., Yudhiṣṭhira, Bhima, Arjuna)

Derived from kuntī with ḍhak suffix.

Note: In apposition to 'ajāta-śatruḥ'.

माद्री-पुत्रौ (mādrī-putrau) - Nakula and Sahadeva. (the two sons of Mādrī)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of mādrī-putra

mādrī-putra - son of Mādrī (Nakula or Sahadeva)

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (mādrī+putra)

• mādrī – Mādrī (second wife of Pāṇḍu, mother of Nakula and Sahadeva)
  proper noun (feminine)
• putra – son, child
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to Nakula and Sahadeva.

उभौ (ubhau) - Refers to both Nakula and Sahadeva. (both)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of ubhaya

ubhaya - both

Note: Agrees with 'mādrī-putrau'.

अपि (api) - Emphasizes that Yudhiṣṭhira and the Mādrīputras also heard. (also, even, too)

(indeclinable)