महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-158, verse-54

राक्षसाधिपतिः श्रीमान्मणिमान्नाम मे सखा ।
मौर्ख्यादज्ञानभावाच्च दर्पान्मोहाच्च भारत ।
न्यष्ठीवदाकाशगतो महर्षेस्तस्य मूर्धनि ॥५४॥

54. rākṣasādhipatiḥ śrīmānmaṇimānnāma me sakhā ,
maurkhyādajñānabhāvācca darpānmohācca bhārata ,
nyaṣṭhīvadākāśagato maharṣestasya mūrdhani.

54. rākṣasādhipatiḥ śrīmān maṇimān nāma
me sakhā | maurklyāt ajñānabhāvāt ca
darpāt mohāt ca bhārata | nyaṣṭhīvat
ākāśagataḥ maharṣeḥ tasya mūrdhani

54. O Bhārata, my glorious friend, the king of rākṣasas (demons) named Maṇimān, due to his foolishness, ignorance, arrogance, and delusion, spat upon the head of that great sage while he was flying in the sky.

Words meanings summery:

• राक्षसाधिपतिः (rākṣasādhipatiḥ) - king of rākṣasas, lord of demons

• श्रीमान् (śrīmān) - glorious, prosperous, endowed with beauty

• मणिमान् (maṇimān) - Maṇimān (proper name)

• नाम (nāma) - by name, indeed, namely

• मे (me) - my, to me, for me

• सखा (sakhā) - friend

• मौर्क्ल्यात् (maurklyāt) - from foolishness, due to ignorance

• अज्ञानभावात् (ajñānabhāvāt) - from a state of ignorance, due to ignorance

• च (ca) - and, also

• दर्पात् (darpāt) - from arrogance, due to pride

• मोहात् (mohāt) - from delusion, due to bewilderment

• च (ca) - and, also

• भारत (bhārata) - Addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra. (O descendant of Bharata, O Bhārata)

• न्यष्ठीवत् (nyaṣṭhīvat) - he spat

• आकाशगतः (ākāśagataḥ) - having gone into the sky, being in the sky

• महर्षेः (maharṣeḥ) - of the great sage

• तस्य (tasya) - his, of him, of that

• मूर्धनि (mūrdhani) - on the head

Words meanings and morphology

राक्षसाधिपतिः (rākṣasādhipatiḥ) - king of rākṣasas, lord of demons

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rākṣasādhipati

rākṣasādhipati - king of rākṣasas, lord of demons

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (rākṣasa+adhipati)

• rākṣasa – demon, rākṣasa
  noun (masculine)
• adhipati – lord, master, king
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: adhi

श्रीमान् (śrīmān) - glorious, prosperous, endowed with beauty

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śrīmat

śrīmat - glorious, prosperous, beautiful, fortunate

possessive suffix -mat

Note: Qualifies rākṣasādhipatiḥ.

मणिमान् (maṇimān) - Maṇimān (proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of maṇimat

maṇimat - Maṇimān (a proper name, lit. 'possessing jewels')

नाम (nāma) - by name, indeed, namely

(indeclinable)

Note: Used to introduce a name.

मे (me) - my, to me, for me

(pronoun)

singular of asmad

asmad - I, my, me

Note: Here in genitive sense, 'my'.

सखा (sakhā) - friend

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sakhi

sakhi - friend, companion

मौर्क्ल्यात् (maurklyāt) - from foolishness, due to ignorance

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of maurklya

maurklya - foolishness, stupidity, ignorance

derived from mūrkha (foolish)

Note: 'from/due to' foolishness.

अज्ञानभावात् (ajñānabhāvāt) - from a state of ignorance, due to ignorance

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of ajñānabhāva

ajñānabhāva - state of ignorance, condition of not knowing

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ajñāna+bhāva)

• ajñāna – ignorance, nescience
  noun (neuter)
  negation of jñāna
  Prefix: a
• bhāva – state, condition, existence, nature
  noun (masculine)
  Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: 'from/due to' a state of ignorance.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects maurklyāt and ajñānabhāvāt.

दर्पात् (darpāt) - from arrogance, due to pride

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of darpa

darpa - arrogance, pride, conceit

Root: dṛp (class 4)

Note: 'from/due to' arrogance.

मोहात् (mohāt) - from delusion, due to bewilderment

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of moha

moha - delusion, bewilderment, infatuation

Root: muh (class 4)

Note: 'from/due to' delusion.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects darpāt and mohāt.

भारत (bhārata) - Addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra. (O descendant of Bharata, O Bhārata)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata

bhārata - descendant of Bharata, relating to Bharata

Note: Null vocative ending.

न्यष्ठीवत् (nyaṣṭhīvat) - he spat

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of nyaṣṭhīv

Prefix: ni

Root: ṣṭhīv (class 1)

आकाशगतः (ākāśagataḥ) - having gone into the sky, being in the sky

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ākāśagata

ākāśagata - gone into the sky, residing in the sky

Past Passive Participle

Derived from gam (to go) with prefix ā and ākāśa (sky).

Compound type : saptamī-tatpuruṣa (ākāśa+gata)

• ākāśa – sky, ether
  noun (masculine)
• gata – gone, arrived, being in
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Root gam (to go)
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Qualifies Maṇimān, indicating his position.

महर्षेः (maharṣeḥ) - of the great sage

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of maharṣi

maharṣi - great sage, great seer

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ṛṣi)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective (feminine)
• ṛṣi – sage, seer
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to the great sage.

तस्य (tasya) - his, of him, of that

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Agrees with maharṣeḥ.

मूर्धनि (mūrdhani) - on the head

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of mūrdhan

mūrdhan - head, top, summit

Note: Denotes location.