महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-158, verse-43

व्रीडा चात्र न कर्तव्या साहसं यदिदं कृतम् ।
दृष्टश्चापि सुरैः पूर्वं विनाशो यक्षरक्षसाम् ॥४३॥

43. vrīḍā cātra na kartavyā sāhasaṁ yadidaṁ kṛtam ,
dṛṣṭaścāpi suraiḥ pūrvaṁ vināśo yakṣarakṣasām.

43. vrīḍā ca atra na kartavyā sāhasam yat idam kṛtam
dṛṣṭaḥ ca api suraiḥ pūrvam vināśaḥ yakṣarakṣasām

43. And there should be no shame (vrīḍā) here for this brave act that was performed. Moreover, the destruction of the Yakṣas and Rākṣasas was foreseen by the gods long ago.

Words meanings summery:

• व्रीडा (vrīḍā) - shame, modesty, embarrassment

• च (ca) - and, also

• अत्र (atra) - here, in this matter

• न (na) - not, no

• कर्तव्या (kartavyā) - (shame) should not be felt/done (to be done, should be done)

• साहसम् (sāhasam) - Referring to Bhīmasena's act of killing the Yakṣas. (daring act, bravery, violence)

• यत् (yat) - Introduces the clause describing the sāhasam. (which, what, that)

• इदम् (idam) - Emphasizes the sāhasam. (this)

• कृतम् (kṛtam) - done, made, performed

• दृष्टः (dṛṣṭaḥ) - seen, perceived, foreseen

• च (ca) - and, also

• अपि (api) - also, even, moreover

• सुरैः (suraiḥ) - by the gods

• पूर्वम् (pūrvam) - previously, before, formerly

• विनाशः (vināśaḥ) - destruction, ruin, disappearance

• यक्षरक्षसाम् (yakṣarakṣasām) - of Yakṣas and Rākṣasas

Words meanings and morphology

व्रीडा (vrīḍā) - shame, modesty, embarrassment

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of vrīḍā

vrīḍā - shame, modesty, embarrassment, bashfulness

Root: vrīḍ (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

अत्र (atra) - here, in this matter

(indeclinable)

Adverb formed from demonstrative pronoun idam.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

कर्तव्या (kartavyā) - (shame) should not be felt/done (to be done, should be done)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kartavya

kartavya - to be done, fit to be done, proper, duty

Gerundive

Derived from root kṛ (to do, to make) with suffix -tavya.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Predicate adjective agreeing with vrīḍā.

साहसम् (sāhasam) - Referring to Bhīmasena's act of killing the Yakṣas. (daring act, bravery, violence)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sāhasa

sāhasa - daring, temerity, audacity, violence, force

Note: Can be nominative or accusative, here functions as nominative subject of 'kṛtam'.

यत् (yat) - Introduces the clause describing the sāhasam. (which, what, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, that (relative pronoun)

Note: Relative pronoun agreeing with sāhasam.

इदम् (idam) - Emphasizes the sāhasam. (this)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this here (demonstrative pronoun)

Note: Demonstrative pronoun agreeing with sāhasam.

कृतम् (kṛtam) - done, made, performed

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kṛta

kṛta - done, made, performed, finished

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root kṛ (to do, to make) with suffix -ta.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Predicate adjective for sāhasam.

दृष्टः (dṛṣṭaḥ) - seen, perceived, foreseen

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dṛṣṭa

dṛṣṭa - seen, observed, perceived, apparent, foreseen

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root dṛś (to see) with suffix -ta.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Predicate adjective for vināśaḥ.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - also, even, moreover

(indeclinable)

सुरैः (suraiḥ) - by the gods

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of sura

sura - god, deity

Note: Agent in passive construction 'destruction was seen by gods'.

पूर्वम् (pūrvam) - previously, before, formerly

(indeclinable)

Adverbial form of pūrva.

विनाशः (vināśaḥ) - destruction, ruin, disappearance

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vināśa

vināśa - destruction, ruin, loss, disappearance

Derived from vi- (prefix) + root naś (to perish).

Prefix: vi

Root: naś (class 4)

Note: Subject of the passive verb dṛṣṭaḥ.

यक्षरक्षसाम् (yakṣarakṣasām) - of Yakṣas and Rākṣasas

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of yakṣarakṣasa

yakṣarakṣasa - Yakṣa and Rākṣasa (a class of mythical beings)

A dvandva compound.

Compound type : dvandva (yakṣa+rakṣas)

• yakṣa – Yakṣa (a class of benevolent but sometimes mischievous mythical beings)
  noun (masculine)
• rakṣas – Rākṣasa (a class of malevolent mythical beings, demons)
  noun (neuter)
  Root: rakṣ (class 1)