महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-158, verse-40

आददानं शितान्बाणान्योद्धुकाममवस्थितम् ।
दृष्ट्वा भीमं धर्मसुतमब्रवीन्नरवाहनः ॥४०॥

40. ādadānaṁ śitānbāṇānyoddhukāmamavasthitam ,
dṛṣṭvā bhīmaṁ dharmasutamabravīnnaravāhanaḥ.

40. ādadānam śitān bāṇān yoddhukāmam avasthitam |
dṛṣṭvā bhīmam dharmasutam abravīt naravāhanaḥ

40. Having seen Bhima, who was taking sharp arrows, desirous of fighting, and standing ready, Naravahana (Kubera) spoke to the son of Dharma (dharma), Yudhishthira.

Words meanings summery:

• आददानम् (ādadānam) - taking, grasping

• शितान् (śitān) - sharp, whetted

• बाणान् (bāṇān) - arrows

• योद्धुकामम् (yoddhukāmam) - desirous of fighting, eager to fight

• अवस्थितम् (avasthitam) - standing, situated, ready

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

• भीमम् (bhīmam) - Bhima

• धर्मसुतम् (dharmasutam) - Yudhishthira, son of the deity Dharma (son of Dharma (Yudhishthira))

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - said, spoke

• नरवाहनः (naravāhanaḥ) - Naravahana (Kubera)

Words meanings and morphology

आददानम् (ādadānam) - taking, grasping

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ādadāna

ādadāna - taking, grasping

present middle participle

from verb dā (to give) with prefix ā- (to take), middle voice

Prefix: ā

Root: dā (class 3)

Note: participle modifying Bhima

शितान् (śitān) - sharp, whetted

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of śita

śita - sharp, whetted, sharpened

past passive participle

from verb śo/śi (to sharpen)

Root: śo (class 4)

Note: modifies bāṇān

बाणान् (bāṇān) - arrows

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of bāṇa

bāṇa - arrow

योद्धुकामम् (yoddhukāmam) - desirous of fighting, eager to fight

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yoddhukāma

yoddhukāma - desirous of fighting, eager to fight

compound with desid. infinitive yoddhum and kāma (desire)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (yoddhu+kāma)

• yoddhu – to fight
  indeclinable
  infinitive
  from root yudh
  Root: yudh (class 4)
• kāma – desire, wish
  noun (masculine)
  Root: kam (class 1)

Note: modifies Bhima

अवस्थितम् (avasthitam) - standing, situated, ready

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of avasthita

avasthita - standing, situated, ready

past passive participle

from verb sthā (to stand) with prefix ava-

Prefix: ava

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: participle modifying Bhima

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

(indeclinable)

absolutive

from root dṛś (to see)

Root: dṛś (class 1)

भीमम् (bhīmam) - Bhima

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhīma

bhīma - Bhima (name of a Pandava), terrible

Root: bhī

धर्मसुतम् (dharmasutam) - Yudhishthira, son of the deity Dharma (son of Dharma (Yudhishthira))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dharmasuta

dharmasuta - son of Dharma, Yudhishthira

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharma+suta)

• dharma – natural law (dharma), righteousness, duty
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ
• suta – son
  noun (masculine)
  past passive participle
  from root su (to beget)
  Root: su (class 2)

Note: here referring to Yudhishthira

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of brū

imperfect active

Root: brū (class 2)

नरवाहनः (naravāhanaḥ) - Naravahana (Kubera)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of naravāhana

naravāhana - having men as a vehicle, Kubera

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (nara+vāhana)

• nara – man, human
  noun (masculine)
  Root: nṛ
• vāhana – vehicle, mount
  noun (neuter)
  Root: vah (class 1)

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