महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-51, verse-55

निवर्तयित्वा कुरुराष्ट्रवर्धनांस्ततः स सर्वान्विदुरं च वीर्यवान् ।
जनार्दनो दारुकमाह सत्वरः प्रचोदयाश्वानिति सात्यकिस्तदा ॥५५॥

55. nivartayitvā kururāṣṭravardhanāṁ;stataḥ sa sarvānviduraṁ ca vīryavān ,
janārdano dārukamāha satvaraḥ; pracodayāśvāniti sātyakistadā.

55. nivartayitvā kururāṣṭravardhanān
tataḥ sa sarvān viduram ca vīryavān
janārdanaḥ dārukam āha satvaraḥ
pracodaya aśvān iti sātyakiḥ tadā

55. tataḥ vīryavān janārdanaḥ sarvān
kururāṣṭravardhanān viduram ca
nivartayitvā sa satvaraḥ dārukam āha
"aśvān pracodaya!" iti sātyakiḥ tadā

55. Having dismissed all the enhancers of the Kuru kingdom and also Vidura, the powerful Janardana then swiftly commanded Daruka, "Drive the horses!" Satyaki too was there at that time.

Words meanings summery:

• निवर्तयित्वा (nivartayitvā) - having caused to turn back, having dismissed

• कुरुराष्ट्रवर्धनान् (kururāṣṭravardhanān) - the enhancers of the Kuru kingdom

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thence, from that

• स (sa) - Janardana (he)

• सर्वान् (sarvān) - all of them (the enhancers of the Kuru kingdom) (all)

• विदुरम् (viduram) - Vidura

• च (ca) - and

• वीर्यवान् (vīryavān) - (Janardana) the powerful one (powerful, valorous, heroic)

• जनार्दनः (janārdanaḥ) - Janardana (an epithet of Krishna/Vishnu)

• दारुकम् (dārukam) - (Krishna's charioteer) Daruka (Daruka)

• आह (āha) - he said

• सत्वरः (satvaraḥ) - (Janardana acting) swiftly (swift, quick)

• प्रचोदय (pracodaya) - drive (the horses) (drive, impel)

• अश्वान् (aśvān) - horses

• इति (iti) - (marks direct speech) (thus, so, in this manner)

• सात्यकिः (sātyakiḥ) - Satyaki

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

Words meanings and morphology

निवर्तयित्वा (nivartayitvā) - having caused to turn back, having dismissed

(indeclinable)

absolutive

formed from ni-vṛt (to turn back) in causative, + -tvā (absolutive suffix)

Prefix: ni

Root: vṛt (class 1)

कुरुराष्ट्रवर्धनान् (kururāṣṭravardhanān) - the enhancers of the Kuru kingdom

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of kururāṣṭravardhana

kururāṣṭravardhana - increaser/enhancer of the Kuru kingdom

Compound type : tatpurusha (kururāṣṭra+vardhana)

• kururāṣṭra – Kuru kingdom
  noun (neuter)
• vardhana – increaser, enhancer, promoter
  noun (masculine)
  derived from √vṛdh (to grow, increase)
  Root: vṛdh (class 1)

Note: Refers to the people who were following.

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thence, from that

(indeclinable)

स (sa) - Janardana (he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Janardana.

सर्वान् (sarvān) - all of them (the enhancers of the Kuru kingdom) (all)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Note: Agrees with 'kururāṣṭravardhanān'.

विदुरम् (viduram) - Vidura

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vidura

vidura - Vidura (name of Dhritarashtra's half-brother)

Note: Object of 'nivartayitvā'.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

वीर्यवान् (vīryavān) - (Janardana) the powerful one (powerful, valorous, heroic)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vīryavat

vīryavat - powerful, valorous, heroic, full of strength

possessive suffix -vat

Note: Agrees with 'janārdanaḥ'.

जनार्दनः (janārdanaḥ) - Janardana (an epithet of Krishna/Vishnu)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of janārdana

janārdana - Janardana (lit. 'stirrer of people', 'remover of the distress of men'), an epithet of Vishnu/Krishna

दारुकम् (dārukam) - (Krishna's charioteer) Daruka (Daruka)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dāruka

dāruka - Daruka (name of Krishna's charioteer)

Note: Indirect object of 'āha'.

आह (āha) - he said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of ah

perfect (liṭ)

3rd person singular perfect active

Root: ah (class 2)

सत्वरः (satvaraḥ) - (Janardana acting) swiftly (swift, quick)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of satvara

satvara - swift, quick, speedy

Prefix: sa

Root: tvar (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'janārdanaḥ' and describes his manner of speaking.

प्रचोदय (pracodaya) - drive (the horses) (drive, impel)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of pracud

imperative

2nd person singular imperative active

Prefix: pra

Root: cud (class 6)

Note: Part of direct speech.

अश्वान् (aśvān) - horses

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of aśva

aśva - horse

Note: Object of 'pracodaya'.

इति (iti) - (marks direct speech) (thus, so, in this manner)

(indeclinable)

Note: Marks the end of the direct speech.

सात्यकिः (sātyakiḥ) - Satyaki

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sātyaki

sātyaki - Satyaki (name of a Yadava warrior)

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects to the narrative flow.