महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-51, verse-39

इत्युक्ते फल्गुनस्तत्र धर्मराजानमब्रवीत् ।
विनीतवदुपागम्य वाक्यं वाक्यविशारदः ॥३९॥

39. ityukte phalgunastatra dharmarājānamabravīt ,
vinītavadupāgamya vākyaṁ vākyaviśāradaḥ.

39. iti ukte phalgunaḥ tatra dharmarājānam abravīt
vinītavat upāgamya vākyam vākyaviśāradaḥ

39. When this was said, Arjuna (Phalguna), an expert in speech, then respectfully approached the king (dharma rāja Yudhiṣṭhira) and spoke these words.

Words meanings summery:

• इति (iti) - thus, when this (was said) (thus, in this manner, as follows)

• उक्ते (ukte) - when (this was) said (when said, having been spoken)

• फल्गुनः (phalgunaḥ) - Arjuna (Arjuna (name of one of the Pāṇḍavas))

• तत्र (tatra) - then (there, then, in that place)

• धर्मराजानम् (dharmarājānam) - to the king (dharma rāja Yudhiṣṭhira) (to the king of (dharma), to Yudhiṣṭhira)

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke (spoke, said, told)

• विनीतवत् (vinītavat) - respectfully (respectfully, humbly, politely)

• उपागम्य (upāgamya) - having approached (having approached, having come near)

• वाक्यम् (vākyam) - words (word, speech, sentence)

• वाक्यविशारदः (vākyaviśāradaḥ) - an expert in speech (expert in speech, eloquent)

Words meanings and morphology

इति (iti) - thus, when this (was said) (thus, in this manner, as follows)

(indeclinable)

उक्ते (ukte) - when (this was) said (when said, having been spoken)

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of ukta

ukta - said, spoken, told

Past Passive Participle

From root 'vac' (to speak) with suffix 'kta'

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Used adverbially to mean 'when it was said'.

फल्गुनः (phalgunaḥ) - Arjuna (Arjuna (name of one of the Pāṇḍavas))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of phalguna

phalguna - Arjuna (name of a Pāṇḍava prince), a tree (Ficus oppositifolia)

तत्र (tatra) - then (there, then, in that place)

(indeclinable)

From pronominal base 'tad' with suffix 'tra'

धर्मराजानम् (dharmarājānam) - to the king (dharma rāja Yudhiṣṭhira) (to the king of (dharma), to Yudhiṣṭhira)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dharmarājan

dharmarājan - king of (dharma), righteous king, Yudhiṣṭhira (the eldest Pāṇḍava)

Compound of 'dharma' and 'rājan'

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharma+rājan)

• dharma – natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature, righteousness, duty
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke (spoke, said, told)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (luṅ) of brū

Imperfect Active

Root: brū (class 2)

विनीतवत् (vinītavat) - respectfully (respectfully, humbly, politely)

(indeclinable)

Adverbial formation from 'vinīta' (well-behaved) with suffix 'vat'

उपागम्य (upāgamya) - having approached (having approached, having come near)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

From root 'gam' (to go) with prefixes 'upa' and 'ā' and suffix 'lyap'

Prefixes: upa+ā

Root: gam (class 1)

वाक्यम् (vākyam) - words (word, speech, sentence)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vākya

vākya - speech, word, sentence, statement

From root 'vac' (to speak)

Root: vac (class 2)

वाक्यविशारदः (vākyaviśāradaḥ) - an expert in speech (expert in speech, eloquent)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vākyaviśārada

vākyaviśārada - skilled in speaking, eloquent, expert in speech

Compound of 'vākya' and 'viśārada'

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vākya+viśārada)

• vākya – speech, word, sentence
  noun (neuter)
  Root: vac (class 2)
• viśārada – expert, skilled, proficient, clever
  adjective (masculine)