महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-133, verse-46

महेश्वर उवाच ।
ब्राह्मणान्वेदविदुषः सिद्धान्धर्मविदस्तथा ।
परिपृच्छन्त्यहरहः कुशलाकुशलं तथा ॥४६॥

46. maheśvara uvāca ,
brāhmaṇānvedaviduṣaḥ siddhāndharmavidastathā ,
paripṛcchantyaharahaḥ kuśalākuśalaṁ tathā.

46. maheśvaraḥ uvāca brāhmaṇān veda-viduṣaḥ siddhān dharma-vidaḥ
tathā paripṛcchanti aharahaḥ kuśala-akuśalam tathā

46. maheśvaraḥ uvāca aharahaḥ veda-viduṣaḥ brāhmaṇān ca
dharma-vidaḥ siddhān tathā kuśala-akuśalam paripṛcchanti tathā

46. Maheśvara said: "Daily, they question Brahmins who are versed in the Vedas, and also perfected ones who understand the constitutional principles (dharma), about what is beneficial and what is not beneficial."

Words meanings summery:

• महेश्वरः (maheśvaraḥ) - Maheśvara (Great Lord), a name of Shiva

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• ब्राह्मणान् (brāhmaṇān) - Brahmins

• वेद-विदुषः (veda-viduṣaḥ) - knowers of the Vedas

• सिद्धान् (siddhān) - perfected ones, accomplished ones

• धर्म-विदः (dharma-vidaḥ) - knowers of (dharma)

• तथा (tathā) - thus, so, similarly, also

• परिपृच्छन्ति (paripṛcchanti) - they ask, they inquire

• अहरहः (aharahaḥ) - daily, day after day

• कुशल-अकुशलम् (kuśala-akuśalam) - good and evil, beneficial and not beneficial

• तथा (tathā) - thus, so, similarly, also

Words meanings and morphology

महेश्वरः (maheśvaraḥ) - Maheśvara (Great Lord), a name of Shiva

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of maheśvara

maheśvara - Great Lord, a name of Shiva, the supreme God

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mahā+īśvara)

• mahā – great, mighty
  adjective (feminine)
• īśvara – lord, master, ruler, god
  noun (masculine)
  From root īś (to rule, to be master of).
  Root: īś (class 2)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect Active Indicative

3rd person singular, root vac, reduplication, strong stem

Root: vac (class 2)

ब्राह्मणान् (brāhmaṇān) - Brahmins

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of brāhmaṇa

brāhmaṇa - Brahmin, one belonging to the priestly class

Derived from brahman.

वेद-विदुषः (veda-viduṣaḥ) - knowers of the Vedas

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of vedaviduṣ

vedaviduṣ - knower of the Vedas, learned in the Vedas

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (veda+viduṣ)

• veda – Veda, sacred knowledge
  noun (masculine)
  From root vid (to know).
  Root: vid (class 2)
• viduṣ – knowing, learned, wise
  adjective (masculine)
  Perfect Active Participle
  From root vid (to know), suffix -uṣ
  Root: vid (class 2)

Note: An adjective modifying `brāhmaṇān`.

सिद्धान् (siddhān) - perfected ones, accomplished ones

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of siddha

siddha - accomplished, perfected, successful, a perfected being

Past Passive Participle

From root sidh (to succeed, to be accomplished).

Root: sidh (class 4)

धर्म-विदः (dharma-vidaḥ) - knowers of (dharma)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of dharmavid

dharmavid - knower of (dharma)/constitutional principles

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharma+vid)

• dharma – constitutional principle, natural law, intrinsic nature, righteousness, duty
  noun (masculine)
  From root dhṛ (to uphold, sustain).
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• vid – knowing, understanding, wise
  adjective (masculine)
  From root vid (to know).
  Root: vid (class 2)

Note: An adjective modifying `siddhān`.

तथा (tathā) - thus, so, similarly, also

(indeclinable)

परिपृच्छन्ति (paripṛcchanti) - they ask, they inquire

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of pṛcch

Present Active Indicative

3rd person plural, root pṛcch (from pracch), with prefix pari-.

Prefix: pari

Root: pracch (class 6)

अहरहः (aharahaḥ) - daily, day after day

(indeclinable)

Repetitive compound of ahan (day).

कुशल-अकुशलम् (kuśala-akuśalam) - good and evil, beneficial and not beneficial

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kuśalākuśala

kuśalākuśala - good and evil, auspicious and inauspicious, beneficial and not beneficial

Compound type : dvandva (kuśala+akuśala)

• kuśala – skillful, healthy, good, auspicious, beneficial
  adjective (neuter)
• akuśala – unskillful, unhealthy, bad, inauspicious, not beneficial
  adjective (neuter)
  Negative prefix 'a-' added to kuśala.
  Prefix: a

Note: Used as a collective noun here.

तथा (tathā) - thus, so, similarly, also

(indeclinable)