महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-133, verse-14

ते चेन्मनुष्यतां यान्ति यदा कालस्य पर्ययात् ।
धनरिक्ते कुले जन्म लभन्ते स्वल्पबुद्धयः ॥१४॥

14. te cenmanuṣyatāṁ yānti yadā kālasya paryayāt ,
dhanarikte kule janma labhante svalpabuddhayaḥ.

14. te cet manuṣyatām yānti yadā kālasya paryayāt
dhana-rikte kule janma labhante svalpa-buddhayaḥ

14. yadā kālasya paryayāt te cet manuṣyatām yānti,
svalpa-buddhayaḥ dhana-rikte kule janma labhante

14. If indeed they return to the human state after a period of time, then these unintelligent beings are born into families devoid of wealth.

Words meanings summery:

• ते (te) - Refers to the 'apravṛttāḥ narāḥ' from the previous verse. (they)

• चेत् (cet) - if, if indeed

• मनुष्यताम् (manuṣyatām) - humanity, human state

• यान्ति (yānti) - they attain, they go

• यदा (yadā) - when

• कालस्य (kālasya) - of time

• पर्ययात् (paryayāt) - by the change, by the lapse (of time)

• धन-रिक्ते (dhana-rikte) - in a wealth-empty, poor

• कुले (kule) - in a family, in a lineage

• जन्म (janma) - birth, existence

• लभन्ते (labhante) - they obtain, they receive

• स्वल्प-बुद्धयः (svalpa-buddhayaḥ) - of little intelligence, foolish

Words meanings and morphology

ते (te) - Refers to the 'apravṛttāḥ narāḥ' from the previous verse. (they)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it, they

चेत् (cet) - if, if indeed

(indeclinable)

मनुष्यताम् (manuṣyatām) - humanity, human state

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of manuṣyatā

manuṣyatā - humanity, human nature, human state

Derived from 'manuṣya' (human) + suffix '-tā' (denoting state or quality).

यान्ति (yānti) - they attain, they go

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (lat) of yā

Root: yā (class 2)

यदा (yadā) - when

(indeclinable)

कालस्य (kālasya) - of time

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of kāla

kāla - time, period, duration

पर्ययात् (paryayāt) - by the change, by the lapse (of time)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of paryaya

paryaya - lapse, change, succession, turn

Derived from root 'i' (to go) with prefixes 'pari-' and 'aya-'.

Prefixes: pari+aya

Root: i (class 2)

धन-रिक्ते (dhana-rikte) - in a wealth-empty, poor

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of dhanarikta

dhanarikta - devoid of wealth, poor, empty of riches

Tatpurusha compound: 'empty of wealth' (dhanāt riktaḥ).

Compound type : tatpurusha (dhana+rikta)

• dhana – wealth, riches, property
  noun (neuter)
• rikta – empty, devoid of, vacant, poor
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root 'ric' (to empty, leave).
  Root: ric (class 7)

Note: Agrees with 'kule'.

कुले (kule) - in a family, in a lineage

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of kula

kula - family, lineage, race, community

जन्म (janma) - birth, existence

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of janman

janman - birth, production, existence, life

Derived from root 'jan' (to be born).

Root: jan (class 4)

लभन्ते (labhante) - they obtain, they receive

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, present (lat) of labh

Root: labh (class 1)

स्वल्प-बुद्धयः (svalpa-buddhayaḥ) - of little intelligence, foolish

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of svalpabuddhi

svalpabuddhi - one of little intelligence, foolish

Bahuvrihi compound: 'one whose intelligence is little'.

Compound type : bahuvrihi (svalpa+buddhi)

• svalpa – little, small, few
  adjective (masculine)
• buddhi – intelligence, understanding, intellect
  noun (feminine)
  Derived from root 'budh' (to know, understand).
  Root: budh (class 1)

Note: Refers to the implied subject 'they'.