महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-133, verse-35

स चेन्मानुषतां गच्छेद्यदि कालस्य पर्ययात् ।
बह्वाबाधपरिक्लिष्टे सोऽधमे जायते कुले ॥३५॥

35. sa cenmānuṣatāṁ gacchedyadi kālasya paryayāt ,
bahvābādhaparikliṣṭe so'dhame jāyate kule.

35. saḥ cet mānuṣatām gacchet yadi kālasya paryayāt
bahvābādhaparikliṣṭe saḥ adhame jāyate kule

35. If, by the revolution of time, he attains human existence, he is born in a lowly family, distressed by many afflictions.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• चेत् (cet) - if, in case that, even if

• मानुषताम् (mānuṣatām) - human existence (humanity, human state, human nature)

• गच्छेत् (gacchet) - may attain (human existence) (may go, should go, may attain)

• यदि (yadi) - if, in case

• कालस्य (kālasya) - of time, of the proper season

• पर्ययात् (paryayāt) - due to the passage/revolution (of time) (from revolution, from succession, from change, from passage)

• बह्वाबाधपरिक्लिष्टे (bahvābādhaparikliṣṭe) - distressed by many afflictions (afflicted by many troubles, distressed by many obstacles)

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• अधमे (adhame) - in a lowly (family) (in a low, inferior, base)

• जायते (jāyate) - is born (is born, arises, happens)

• कुले (kule) - in a family (in a family, in a lineage, in a house)

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

चेत् (cet) - if, in case that, even if

(indeclinable)

मानुषताम् (mānuṣatām) - human existence (humanity, human state, human nature)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of mānuṣatā

mānuṣatā - humanity, human condition, human nature

Derived from manuṣa + tā (abstract suffix)

गच्छेत् (gacchet) - may attain (human existence) (may go, should go, may attain)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of gam

Root: gam (class 1)

यदि (yadi) - if, in case

(indeclinable)

Note: Redundant with 'cet' but present in the text.

कालस्य (kālasya) - of time, of the proper season

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of kāla

kāla - time, period, proper season

पर्ययात् (paryayāt) - due to the passage/revolution (of time) (from revolution, from succession, from change, from passage)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of paryaya

paryaya - revolution, succession, change, passage, turn

Derived from pari-iṇ (to go around)

Prefix: pari

Root: iṇ (class 2)

बह्वाबाधपरिक्लिष्टे (bahvābādhaparikliṣṭe) - distressed by many afflictions (afflicted by many troubles, distressed by many obstacles)

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of bahvābādhaparikliṣṭa

bahvābādhaparikliṣṭa - afflicted by many troubles/obstacles

Past Passive Participle in a compound

Compound of bahu (many), ābādha (affliction), and parikliṣṭa (distressed).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (bahu+ābādha+parikliṣṭa)

• bahu – many, much, numerous
  adjective (neuter)
• ābādha – affliction, trouble, obstacle, pain
  noun (masculine)
  ā + √badh (to oppress)
  Prefix: ā
  Root: badh (class 1)
• parikliṣṭa – distressed, tormented, fatigued
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  pari + √kliś (to torment)
  Prefix: pari
  Root: kliś (class 4)

Note: Qualifies 'kule'.

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

अधमे (adhame) - in a lowly (family) (in a low, inferior, base)

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of adhama

adhama - lowest, inferior, base, vile

Superlative of adha (below)

Note: Qualifies 'kule'.

जायते (jāyate) - is born (is born, arises, happens)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of jan

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Intransitive verb 'to be born'.

कुले (kule) - in a family (in a family, in a lineage, in a house)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of kula

kula - family, lineage, house, race