महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-133, verse-31

उदात्तकुलजातीय उदात्ताभिजनः सदा ।
एष धर्मो मया प्रोक्तो विधात्रा स्वयमीरितः ॥३१॥

31. udāttakulajātīya udāttābhijanaḥ sadā ,
eṣa dharmo mayā prokto vidhātrā svayamīritaḥ.

31. udāttakulajātīya udāttābhijanaḥ sadā eṣaḥ
dharmaḥ mayā proktaḥ vidhātrā svayam īritaḥ

31. eṣaḥ dharmaḥ mayā proktaḥ vidhātrā svayam īritaḥ; (yataḥ) udāttakulajātīyaḥ udāttābhijanaḥ sadā.

31. This natural law (dharma) has been declared by me and stated inherently by the Creator Himself: one who is born into a noble family is always of noble descent.

Words meanings summery:

• उदात्तकुलजातीय (udāttakulajātīya) - one born in a noble family, of noble birth

• उदात्ताभिजनः (udāttābhijanaḥ) - of noble descent, having noble lineage

• सदा (sadā) - always, ever, constantly

• एषः (eṣaḥ) - Refers to the 'dharma' being described. (this (masculine))

• धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - Here, referring to the fundamental principle or intrinsic nature of noble birth. (natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature, righteousness, duty)

• मया (mayā) - by me

• प्रोक्तः (proktaḥ) - declared, spoken, said

• विधात्रा (vidhātrā) - By the divine creator. (by the creator, by destiny, by an ordainer)

• स्वयम् (svayam) - himself, herself, itself, by oneself

• ईरितः (īritaḥ) - stated, spoken, uttered, moved

Words meanings and morphology

उदात्तकुलजातीय (udāttakulajātīya) - one born in a noble family, of noble birth

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of udāttakulajātīya

udāttakulajātīya - one belonging to a family of high birth, of noble lineage

Compound formed from udātta (lofty, noble), kula (family), and jātīya (belonging to a kind/species/origin).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (udātta+kula+jātīya)

• udātta – lofty, noble, high, exalted
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From ut-√dā (to give up, to sever, to divide), here used as an adjective meaning noble, high.
  Prefix: ut
  Root: dā (class 3)
• kula – family, lineage, race, clan
  noun (neuter)
• jātīya – belonging to a family/species, of a certain kind, national
  adjective (masculine)
  Suffix -īya (relating to, belonging to) added to jāti (birth, kind, species).

Note: Refers to a person (implied 'He').

उदात्ताभिजनः (udāttābhijanaḥ) - of noble descent, having noble lineage

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of udāttābhijana

udāttābhijana - one whose ancestry is noble, of high lineage

Compound: udātta (noble) + abhijana (lineage, ancestry).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (udātta+abhijana)

• udātta – lofty, noble, high, exalted
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From ut-√dā (to give up, to sever, to divide), here used as an adjective meaning noble, high.
  Prefix: ut
  Root: dā (class 3)
• abhijana – lineage, ancestry, race, family
  noun (masculine)
  From abhi-√jan (to be born, produce).
  Prefix: abhi
  Root: jan (class 4)

सदा (sadā) - always, ever, constantly

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb.

एषः (eṣaḥ) - Refers to the 'dharma' being described. (this (masculine))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this

Demonstrative pronoun.

धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - Here, referring to the fundamental principle or intrinsic nature of noble birth. (natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature, righteousness, duty)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness, virtue, conduct

From root √dhṛ (to uphold, support, bear).

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

मया (mayā) - by me

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of aham

aham - I

First person singular pronoun.

प्रोक्तः (proktaḥ) - declared, spoken, said

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prokta

prokta - said, spoken, declared

Past Passive Participle

From pra-√vac (to speak, tell).

Prefix: pra

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'dharmaḥ'.

विधात्रा (vidhātrā) - By the divine creator. (by the creator, by destiny, by an ordainer)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vidhātṛ

vidhātṛ - creator, ordainer, disposer, fate, Brahmā

Agent noun from vi-√dhā (to arrange, create, ordain).

Prefix: vi

Root: dhā (class 3)

स्वयम् (svayam) - himself, herself, itself, by oneself

(indeclinable)

Reflexive pronoun/adverb.

Note: Adverb modifying 'īritaḥ'.

ईरितः (īritaḥ) - stated, spoken, uttered, moved

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of īrita

īrita - spoken, uttered, moved, sent forth

Past Passive Participle

From √īr (to move, excite, send forth, utter, speak).

Root: īr (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'dharmaḥ'.