महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-68, verse-8

राजमूलो महाराज धर्मो लोकस्य लक्ष्यते ।
प्रजा राजभयादेव न खादन्ति परस्परम् ॥८॥

8. rājamūlo mahārāja dharmo lokasya lakṣyate ,
prajā rājabhayādeva na khādanti parasparam.

8. rājamūlaḥ mahārāja dharmaḥ lokasya lakṣyate
prajā rājabhayāt eva na khādanti parasparam

8. mahārāja rājamūlaḥ dharmaḥ lokasya lakṣyate
prajā rājabhayāt eva na parasparam khādanti

8. O great king, the constitutional order (dharma) of society is seen to originate from the king. Indeed, it is solely due to the fear of the king that subjects do not prey upon each other.

Words meanings summery:

• राजमूलः (rājamūlaḥ) - originating from the king (king-rooted, originating from the king)

• महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king

• धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - constitutional order (dharma) (natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness)

• लोकस्य (lokasya) - of society (of the world, of the people, of society)

• लक्ष्यते (lakṣyate) - is seen (is observed, is seen, is perceived)

• प्रजा (prajā) - subjects (subjects, people, progeny)

• राजभयात् (rājabhayāt) - from fear of the king

• एव (eva) - solely (indeed, only, just)

• न (na) - not

• खादन्ति (khādanti) - they prey upon (they eat, they devour)

• परस्परम् (parasparam) - each other (each other, mutually)

Words meanings and morphology

राजमूलः (rājamūlaḥ) - originating from the king (king-rooted, originating from the king)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājamūla

rājamūla - rooted in the king, having the king as its source

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rājan+mūla)

• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
• mūla – root, origin, foundation
  noun (neuter)

Note: masculine nominative singular, qualifying dharmaḥ

महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahārāja

mahārāja - great king, emperor

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+rājan)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

Note: vocative singular

धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - constitutional order (dharma) (natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness, virtue, custom

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

लोकस्य (lokasya) - of society (of the world, of the people, of society)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of loka

loka - world, people, society, realm

लक्ष्यते (lakṣyate) - is seen (is observed, is seen, is perceived)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of lakṣ

passive voice of √lakṣ

Root: lakṣ (class 10)

प्रजा (prajā) - subjects (subjects, people, progeny)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of prajā

prajā - subjects, people, progeny, creation

Prefix: pra

Root: jan (class 4)

राजभयात् (rājabhayāt) - from fear of the king

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of rājabhaya

rājabhaya - fear of the king

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rājan+bhaya)

• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
• bhaya – fear, dread
  noun (neuter)
  Root: bhī (class 3)

Note: neuter ablative singular

एव (eva) - solely (indeed, only, just)

(indeclinable)

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

खादन्ति (khādanti) - they prey upon (they eat, they devour)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of khād

Root: khād (class 1)

परस्परम् (parasparam) - each other (each other, mutually)

(pronoun)

Accusative of paraspara

paraspara - mutual, reciprocal, each other

Note: accusative singular used adverbially