महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-68, verse-27

हस्तो हस्तं स मुष्णीयाद्भिद्येरन्सर्वसेतवः ।
भयार्तं विद्रवेत्सर्वं यदि राजा न पालयेत् ॥२७॥

27. hasto hastaṁ sa muṣṇīyādbhidyeransarvasetavaḥ ,
bhayārtaṁ vidravetsarvaṁ yadi rājā na pālayet.

27. hastaḥ hastam saḥ muṣṇīyāt bhidyeyran sarvasetavaḥ
bhayārtam vidravet sarvam yadi rājā na pālayet

27. yadi rājā na pālayet hastaḥ hastam saḥ muṣṇīyāt
sarvasetavaḥ bhidyeyran sarvam bhayārtam vidravet

27. If the king does not provide protection, one hand would steal from another, all social boundaries and laws (setus) would be broken, and everyone, afflicted by fear, would flee.

Words meanings summery:

• हस्तः (hastaḥ) - hand, arm

• हस्तम् (hastam) - hand, arm

• सः (saḥ) - he, that (one)

• मुष्णीयात् (muṣṇīyāt) - would steal, should steal, would rob

• भिद्येय्रन् (bhidyeyran) - would be broken, should be broken, would be split

• सर्वसेतवः (sarvasetavaḥ) - all embankments, all boundaries (social/moral)

• भयार्तम् (bhayārtam) - afflicted by fear, terrified, distressed by fear

• विद्रवेत् (vidravet) - would flee, should flee, would run away, would disperse

• सर्वम् (sarvam) - everything, everyone, all

• यदि (yadi) - if, in case that

• राजा (rājā) - king, ruler

• न (na) - not, no

• पालयेत् (pālayet) - would protect, should protect, guards

Words meanings and morphology

हस्तः (hastaḥ) - hand, arm

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hasta

hasta - hand, arm, trunk of an elephant

हस्तम् (hastam) - hand, arm

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of hasta

hasta - hand, arm, trunk of an elephant

सः (saḥ) - he, that (one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it (demonstrative pronoun)

मुष्णीयात् (muṣṇīyāt) - would steal, should steal, would rob

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of muṣ

Root: muṣ (class 9)

भिद्येय्रन् (bhidyeyran) - would be broken, should be broken, would be split

(verb)

3rd person , plural, passive, optative (vidhiliṅ) of bhid

Root: bhid (class 7)

सर्वसेतवः (sarvasetavaḥ) - all embankments, all boundaries (social/moral)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarvasetu

sarvasetu - all embankments, all bridges, all boundaries or limits (moral/social)

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (sarva+setu)

• sarva – all, every, whole, entire
  pronoun
• setu – bridge, dam, embankment, boundary, limit, moral standard
  noun (masculine)

भयार्तम् (bhayārtam) - afflicted by fear, terrified, distressed by fear

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of bhayārta

bhayārta - afflicted by fear, terrified

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (bhaya+ārta)

• bhaya – fear, dread, danger
  noun (neuter)
• ārta – afflicted, distressed, pained
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from the root ṛ (ऋ) 'to go' in a sense of 'to reach a state of distress'.
  Root: ṛ (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'sarvam'.

विद्रवेत् (vidravet) - would flee, should flee, would run away, would disperse

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of vidru

With upasarga 'vi', it means 'to run away, to flee, to disperse'.

Prefix: vi

Root: dru (class 1)

सर्वम् (sarvam) - everything, everyone, all

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, entire

यदि (yadi) - if, in case that

(indeclinable)

राजा (rājā) - king, ruler

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

पालयेत् (pālayet) - would protect, should protect, guards

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of pālaya

Causative stem

Derived from the root pā (पा) through the causative formation (णिच्) in the 10th class.

Root: pā (class 10)

Previous Verse Next Verse