महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-68, verse-36

यदा राजा धुरं श्रेष्ठामादाय वहति प्रजाः ।
महता बलयोगेन तदा लोकः प्रसीदति ॥३६॥

36. yadā rājā dhuraṁ śreṣṭhāmādāya vahati prajāḥ ,
mahatā balayogena tadā lokaḥ prasīdati.

36. yadā rājā dhuram śreṣṭhām ādāya vahati prajāḥ
mahatā balayogena tadā lokaḥ prasīdati

36. yadā rājā śreṣṭhām dhuram ādāya mahatā
balayogena prajāḥ vahati tadā lokaḥ prasīdati

36. When the king takes on the supreme responsibility and governs the people with great power and effort, then the world becomes prosperous and content.

Words meanings summery:

• यदा (yadā) - when

• राजा (rājā) - king

• धुरम् (dhuram) - burden, responsibility, yoke

• श्रेष्ठाम् (śreṣṭhām) - best, highest, supreme, most excellent

• आदाय (ādāya) - having taken up, having assumed

• वहति (vahati) - carries, bears, governs

• प्रजाः (prajāḥ) - subjects, people, progeny

• महता (mahatā) - by great, with great

• बलयोगेन (balayogena) - by the application of power, with powerful effort

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• लोकः (lokaḥ) - world, people

• प्रसीदति (prasīdati) - becomes pleased, prospers, is content

Words meanings and morphology

यदा (yadā) - when

(indeclinable)

राजा (rājā) - king

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign

धुरम् (dhuram) - burden, responsibility, yoke

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of dhur

dhur - burden, responsibility, yoke, front part (of a vehicle)

श्रेष्ठाम् (śreṣṭhām) - best, highest, supreme, most excellent

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of śreṣṭha

śreṣṭha - best, highest, supreme, most excellent, pre-eminent

Superlative degree of 'praśasya' (praiseworthy) or 'śrī' (prosperity)

Note: Agrees with 'dhuram'

आदाय (ādāya) - having taken up, having assumed

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

From root 'dā' (to give) with prefix 'ā' (to, unto, towards), forming 'ā-dā' (to take, receive). Absolutive ending '-ya'.

Prefix: ā

Root: dā (class 3)

वहति (vahati) - carries, bears, governs

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (lat) of vah

Present Active Indicative

3rd person singular, present tense, active voice, from root 'vah'.

Root: vah (class 1)

प्रजाः (prajāḥ) - subjects, people, progeny

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of prajā

prajā - progeny, offspring, subjects, people, creatures

Prefix: pra

Root: jan (class 4)

महता (mahatā) - by great, with great

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, mighty, important

Note: Agrees with 'balayogena'

बलयोगेन (balayogena) - by the application of power, with powerful effort

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of balayoga

balayoga - application of strength or power, powerful effort

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bala+yoga)

• bala – strength, power, force, army
  noun (neuter)
• yoga – union, application, effort, practice (yoga)
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'yuj' (to join).
  Root: yuj (class 7)

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

लोकः (lokaḥ) - world, people

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of loka

loka - world, realm, people, mankind, public

प्रसीदति (prasīdati) - becomes pleased, prospers, is content

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (lat) of pra-sad

Present Active Indicative

From root 'sad' with prefix 'pra' (forth, forward). Forms 'pra-sad' meaning 'to be clear, to be gracious, to be pleased, to prosper'.

Prefix: pra

Root: sad (class 1)