महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-68, verse-6

केन भूतानि वर्धन्ते क्षयं गच्छन्ति केन च ।
कमर्चन्तो महाप्राज्ञ सुखमत्यन्तमाप्नुयुः ॥६॥

6. kena bhūtāni vardhante kṣayaṁ gacchanti kena ca ,
kamarcanto mahāprājña sukhamatyantamāpnuyuḥ.

6. kena bhūtāni vardhante kṣayam gacchanti kena ca
kam arcantaḥ mahāprājña sukham atyantam āpnuyuḥ

6. he mahāprājña,
bhūtāni kena vardhante ca kena kṣayam gacchanti? kam arcantaḥ atyantam sukham āpnuyuḥ?

6. By what means do beings prosper, and by what do they decline? Worshipping whom, O greatly wise one, may they attain ultimate happiness?

Words meanings summery:

• केन (kena) - by what, by whom, by what means

• भूतानि (bhūtāni) - beings, creatures

• वर्धन्ते (vardhante) - they grow, they prosper, they flourish

• क्षयम् (kṣayam) - decay, destruction, loss, decline

• गच्छन्ति (gacchanti) - they go (to) (they go, they attain, they reach)

• केन (kena) - by what, by whom, by what means

• च (ca) - and, also

• कम् (kam) - whom

• अर्चन्तः (arcantaḥ) - worshipping, honoring, revering

• महाप्राज्ञ (mahāprājña) - O greatly wise one, O most intelligent one

• सुखम् (sukham) - happiness, joy, pleasure

• अत्यन्तम् (atyantam) - ultimate, extreme, immense, everlasting

• आप्नुयुः (āpnuyuḥ) - may they obtain, may they reach, may they attain

Words meanings and morphology

केन (kena) - by what, by whom, by what means

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of kim

kim - what, which, who

भूतानि (bhūtāni) - beings, creatures

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of bhūta

bhūta - being, creature, element, past

Past Passive Participle

Root: bhū (class 1)

वर्धन्ते (vardhante) - they grow, they prosper, they flourish

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, Present (Laṭ) of vṛdh

Present tense

Root: vṛdh (class 1)

क्षयम् (kṣayam) - decay, destruction, loss, decline

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kṣaya

kṣaya - decay, destruction, end, loss, decline

गच्छन्ति (gacchanti) - they go (to) (they go, they attain, they reach)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, Present (Laṭ) of gam

Present tense

Root: gam (class 1)

केन (kena) - by what, by whom, by what means

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of kim

kim - what, which, who

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

कम् (kam) - whom

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kim

kim - what, which, who

अर्चन्तः (arcantaḥ) - worshipping, honoring, revering

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of arcant

arcant - worshipping, revering, honoring

Present Active Participle

Root: arc (class 1)

महाप्राज्ञ (mahāprājña) - O greatly wise one, O most intelligent one

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahāprājña

mahāprājña - greatly wise, very intelligent

Compound type : karmadharaya (mahā+prājña)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (feminine)
• prājña – wise, intelligent, knowing
  adjective (masculine)
  Prefix: pra
  Root: jñā (class 9)

सुखम् (sukham) - happiness, joy, pleasure

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sukha

sukha - happiness, pleasure, ease, joy

अत्यन्तम् (atyantam) - ultimate, extreme, immense, everlasting

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of atyanta

atyanta - immense, extreme, endless, ultimate

Prefix: ati

Root: ant

आप्नुयुः (āpnuyuḥ) - may they obtain, may they reach, may they attain

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, Optative (Liṅ) of āp

Optative/Potential mood

Prefix: ā

Root: āp (class 5)