महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-68, verse-10

यथा ह्यनुदये राजन्भूतानि शशिसूर्ययोः ।
अन्धे तमसि मज्जेयुरपश्यन्तः परस्परम् ॥१०॥

10. yathā hyanudaye rājanbhūtāni śaśisūryayoḥ ,
andhe tamasi majjeyurapaśyantaḥ parasparam.

10. yathā hi anudaye rājan bhūtāni śaśisūryayoḥ
andhe tamasi majjeyuḥ apaśyantaḥ parasparam

10. rājan yathā hi śaśisūryayoḥ anudaye bhūtāni
parasparam apaśyantaḥ andhe tamasi majjeyuḥ

10. O king, just as beings would indeed be plunged into blind darkness, unable to see each other, if the moon and sun did not rise...

Words meanings summery:

• यथा (yathā) - just as (just as, as)

• हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, for)

• अनुदये (anudaye) - if they did not rise (in the absence of rising, upon non-rising)

• राजन् (rājan) - O king

• भूतानि (bhūtāni) - beings (beings, creatures, elements)

• शशिसूर्ययोः (śaśisūryayoḥ) - of the moon and the sun

• अन्धे (andhe) - in blind

• तमसि (tamasi) - in darkness

• मज्जेयुः (majjeyuḥ) - they would be plunged (they would sink, they would be plunged)

• अपश्यन्तः (apaśyantaḥ) - unable to see (not seeing, not perceiving)

• परस्परम् (parasparam) - each other (each other, mutually)

Words meanings and morphology

यथा (yathā) - just as (just as, as)

(indeclinable)

हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, for)

(indeclinable)

अनुदये (anudaye) - if they did not rise (in the absence of rising, upon non-rising)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of anudaya

anudaya - non-rising, absence of rising, non-appearance

Compound: an (negation) + udaya (rising)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (an+udaya)

• an – not, un-
  indeclinable
  negative prefix
• udaya – rising, appearance, prosperity
  noun (masculine)
  from ud-ī
  Prefix: ud
  Root: ī (class 2)

Note: locative singular, here functioning as a temporal clause 'if they did not rise'

राजन् (rājan) - O king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

भूतानि (bhūtāni) - beings (beings, creatures, elements)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of bhūta

bhūta - being, creature, element, past, happened

Past Passive Participle

Derived from √bhū (to be, become)

Root: bhū (class 1)

शशिसूर्ययोः (śaśisūryayoḥ) - of the moon and the sun

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, dual of śaśisūrya

śaśisūrya - moon and sun

Compound type : dvandva (śaśin+sūrya)

• śaśin – moon, moon-god
  noun (masculine)
• sūrya – sun, sun-god
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to the two luminaries: moon and sun.

अन्धे (andhe) - in blind

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of andha

andha - blind, dark

Note: neuter locative singular, agreeing with tamasi

तमसि (tamasi) - in darkness

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of tamas

tamas - darkness, gloom

मज्जेयुः (majjeyuḥ) - they would be plunged (they would sink, they would be plunged)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, optative (liṅ) of majj

Root: majj (class 6)

अपश्यन्तः (apaśyantaḥ) - unable to see (not seeing, not perceiving)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of apaśyat

apaśyat - not seeing, unseeing

Present Active Participle (negative)

Negative particle 'a' + present active participle of √dṛś (to see)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+paśyat)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  negative prefix
• paśyat – seeing, perceiving
  adjective (masculine)
  Present Active Participle
  Present active participle of √dṛś (to see)
  Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: masculine nominative plural, modifying bhūtāni

परस्परम् (parasparam) - each other (each other, mutually)

(pronoun)

Accusative of paraspara

paraspara - mutual, reciprocal, each other

Note: accusative singular used adverbially