महाभारतः
mahābhārataḥ
-
book-12, chapter-68, verse-57
दृढभक्तिं कृतप्रज्ञं धर्मज्ञं संयतेन्द्रियम् ।
शूरमक्षुद्रकर्माणं निषिद्धजनमाश्रयेत् ॥५७॥
शूरमक्षुद्रकर्माणं निषिद्धजनमाश्रयेत् ॥५७॥
57. dṛḍhabhaktiṁ kṛtaprajñaṁ dharmajñaṁ saṁyatendriyam ,
śūramakṣudrakarmāṇaṁ niṣiddhajanamāśrayet.
śūramakṣudrakarmāṇaṁ niṣiddhajanamāśrayet.
57.
dṛḍhabhaktim kṛtaprajñam dharmajñam saṃyatendriyam
śūram akṣudrakarmāṇam niṣiddhajanam āśrayet
śūram akṣudrakarmāṇam niṣiddhajanam āśrayet
57.
[One] dṛḍhabhaktim kṛtaprajñam dharmajñam saṃyatendriyam
śūram akṣudrakarmāṇam niṣiddhajanam [person] āśrayet
śūram akṣudrakarmāṇam niṣiddhajanam [person] āśrayet
57.
One should rely upon a person who is firmly devoted (bhakti), of perfected wisdom, knowledgeable in natural law (dharma), self-controlled, brave, performs noble deeds, and keeps wicked people at bay.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- दृढभक्तिम् (dṛḍhabhaktim) - firmly devoted (bhakti), deeply loyal (firm in devotion, deeply loyal)
- कृतप्रज्ञम् (kṛtaprajñam) - of perfected wisdom (one whose wisdom is perfected, accomplished in knowledge)
- धर्मज्ञम् (dharmajñam) - knowledgeable in natural law (dharma) (knowing dharma, righteous, skilled in natural law)
- संयतेन्द्रियम् (saṁyatendriyam) - self-controlled (having restrained the senses, self-controlled)
- शूरम् (śūram) - brave (brave, heroic, valiant)
- अक्षुद्रकर्माणम् (akṣudrakarmāṇam) - performs noble deeds (performing noble deeds, not doing mean actions)
- निषिद्धजनम् (niṣiddhajanam) - one who keeps wicked people at bay (one who has rejected/forbidden (bad) people, one whose company is pure)
- आश्रयेत् (āśrayet) - should rely upon (should take refuge in, should resort to, should rely on, should protect)
Words meanings and morphology
दृढभक्तिम् (dṛḍhabhaktim) - firmly devoted (bhakti), deeply loyal (firm in devotion, deeply loyal)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of dṛḍhabhakti
dṛḍhabhakti - firm in devotion, deeply loyal
Compound type : karmadhāraya (dṛḍha+bhakti)
- dṛḍha – firm, strong, solid, steadfast
adjective (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
From root dṛh (to be firm)
Root: dṛh (class 1) - bhakti – devotion, attachment, loyalty, adoration
noun (feminine)
From root bhaj (to divide, share, worship)
Root: bhaj (class 1)
Note: Accusative form of a noun used adjectivally to qualify the implied person.
कृतप्रज्ञम् (kṛtaprajñam) - of perfected wisdom (one whose wisdom is perfected, accomplished in knowledge)
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, singular of kṛtaprajña
kṛtaprajña - one whose wisdom is perfected, accomplished in knowledge
From kṛta (done, made) + prajñā (wisdom)
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kṛta+prajñā)
- kṛta – done, made, performed
adjective (neuter)
Past Passive Participle
From root kṛ (to do, make)
Root: kṛ (class 8) - prajñā – wisdom, intelligence, discernment
noun (feminine)
From pra + jñā (to know)
Prefix: pra
Root: jñā (class 9)
Note: Qualifies the implied person.
धर्मज्ञम् (dharmajñam) - knowledgeable in natural law (dharma) (knowing dharma, righteous, skilled in natural law)
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, singular of dharmajña
dharmajña - knowing dharma, righteous, skilled in natural law
From dharma (duty, law) + jña (knowing)
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharma+jña)
- dharma – natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness, virtue
noun (masculine)
From root dhṛ (to hold, support)
Root: dhṛ (class 1) - jña – knowing, acquainted with, wise
adjective (masculine)
From root jñā (to know)
Root: jñā (class 9)
Note: Qualifies the implied person.
संयतेन्द्रियम् (saṁyatendriyam) - self-controlled (having restrained the senses, self-controlled)
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, singular of saṃyatendriya
saṁyatendriya - having restrained the senses, self-controlled
From saṃyata (restrained) + indriya (sense)
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (saṃyata+indriya)
- saṃyata – restrained, controlled, disciplined
adjective (neuter)
Past Passive Participle
From saṃ + yam (to restrain)
Prefix: sam
Root: yam (class 1) - indriya – sense organ, faculty of sense
noun (neuter)
Note: Qualifies the implied person.
शूरम् (śūram) - brave (brave, heroic, valiant)
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, singular of śūra
śūra - brave, heroic, valiant
Note: Qualifies the implied person.
अक्षुद्रकर्माणम् (akṣudrakarmāṇam) - performs noble deeds (performing noble deeds, not doing mean actions)
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, singular of akṣudrakarman
akṣudrakarman - performing noble deeds, not doing mean actions
From a + kṣudra + karman
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (a+kṣudra+karman)
- a – not, un-
indeclinable - kṣudra – small, mean, base, insignificant
adjective (masculine) - karman – action, deed, work, ritual action (karma)
noun (neuter)
From root kṛ (to do, make)
Root: kṛ (class 8)
Note: Qualifies the implied person.
निषिद्धजनम् (niṣiddhajanam) - one who keeps wicked people at bay (one who has rejected/forbidden (bad) people, one whose company is pure)
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, singular of niṣiddhajana
niṣiddhajana - one who has rejected/forbidden (bad) people, one whose company is pure, one by whom people (bad) are prohibited
From niṣiddha (prohibited, rejected) + jana (person, people)
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (niṣiddha+jana)
- niṣiddha – forbidden, prohibited, rejected, excluded
adjective (neuter)
Past Passive Participle
From ni + sidh (to ward off, prohibit)
Prefix: ni
Root: sidh (class 1) - jana – person, people, human being
noun (masculine)
From root jan (to be born)
Root: jan (class 4)
Note: Qualifies the implied person.
आश्रयेत् (āśrayet) - should rely upon (should take refuge in, should resort to, should rely on, should protect)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of āśri
Optative Mood
From ā + śri (to lean upon, to join)
Prefix: ā
Root: śri (class 1)
Note: Subject is implied (e.g., 'a wise person' or 'one').