महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-68, verse-17

मातरं पितरं वृद्धमाचार्यमतिथिं गुरुम् ।
क्लिश्नीयुरपि हिंस्युर्वा यदि राजा न पालयेत् ॥१७॥

17. mātaraṁ pitaraṁ vṛddhamācāryamatithiṁ gurum ,
kliśnīyurapi hiṁsyurvā yadi rājā na pālayet.

17. mātaram pitaram vṛddham ācāryam atithim gurum
kliśnīyuḥ api hiṃsyuḥ vā yadi rājā na pālayet

17. yadi rājā na pālayet mātaram pitaram vṛddham
ācāryam atithim gurum api kliśnīyuḥ vā hiṃsyuḥ

17. People would torment or even harm their mothers, fathers, elders, teachers (ācārya), guests, and spiritual guides (guru) if the king failed to protect.

Words meanings summery:

• मातरम् (mātaram) - mother

• पितरम् (pitaram) - father

• वृद्धम् (vṛddham) - elder (person) (aged, old, elder)

• आचार्यम् (ācāryam) - teacher, preceptor, spiritual guide

• अतिथिम् (atithim) - guest

• गुरुम् (gurum) - spiritual guide (guru) (spiritual guide, teacher, weighty, revered)

• क्लिश्नीयुः (kliśnīyuḥ) - they would torment, they would distress

• अपि (api) - even (also, even, moreover)

• हिंस्युः (hiṁsyuḥ) - they would harm, they would injure

• वा (vā) - or, either

• यदि (yadi) - if, in case that

• राजा (rājā) - king, ruler

• न (na) - not

• पालयेत् (pālayet) - he would protect, he might protect

Words meanings and morphology

मातरम् (mātaram) - mother

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of mātṛ

mātṛ - mother

पितरम् (pitaram) - father

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pitṛ

pitṛ - father

वृद्धम् (vṛddham) - elder (person) (aged, old, elder)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vṛddha

vṛddha - old, aged, grown, increased

Past Passive Participle

From √vṛdh (to grow)

Root: vṛdh (class 1)

Note: Accusative singular masculine, referring to an elder person.

आचार्यम् (ācāryam) - teacher, preceptor, spiritual guide

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ācārya

ācārya - teacher, preceptor, master, spiritual guide

अतिथिम् (atithim) - guest

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of atithi

atithi - guest, stranger

गुरुम् (gurum) - spiritual guide (guru) (spiritual guide, teacher, weighty, revered)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of guru

guru - teacher, spiritual guide, heavy, venerable

क्लिश्नीयुः (kliśnīyuḥ) - they would torment, they would distress

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of kliś

Root class 9, Parasmaipada

Root: kliś (class 9)

Note: Potential/Optative mood, 3rd person plural.

अपि (api) - even (also, even, moreover)

(indeclinable)

हिंस्युः (hiṁsyuḥ) - they would harm, they would injure

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of hiṃs

Root class 7, Parasmaipada (irregular)

Root: hiṃs (class 7)

Note: Potential/Optative mood, 3rd person plural.

वा (vā) - or, either

(indeclinable)

यदि (yadi) - if, in case that

(indeclinable)

राजा (rājā) - king, ruler

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

पालयेत् (pālayet) - he would protect, he might protect

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of pāl

Causative from √pā (to protect), class 10 conjugation

Root: pā (class 10)

Note: Potential/Optative mood, 3rd person singular.