महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-68, verse-1

युधिष्ठिर उवाच ।
किमाहुर्दैवतं विप्रा राजानं भरतर्षभ ।
मनुष्याणामधिपतिं तन्मे ब्रूहि पितामह ॥१॥

1. yudhiṣṭhira uvāca ,
kimāhurdaivataṁ viprā rājānaṁ bharatarṣabha ,
manuṣyāṇāmadhipatiṁ tanme brūhi pitāmaha.

1. yudhiṣṭhiraḥ uvāca | kim āhuḥ daivatam viprāḥ rājānam
bharatarṣabha | manuṣyāṇām adhipatim tat me brūhi pitāmaha

1. yudhiṣṭhiraḥ uvāca bharatarṣabha pitāmaha viprāḥ rājānam
manuṣyāṇām adhipatim kim daivatam āhuḥ tat me brūhi

1. Yudhishthira said: "O best of the Bharatas, O Grandfather, what do the wise consider the king, the lord of men, to be in terms of divinity? Please explain that to me."

Words meanings summery:

• युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhishthira

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• किम् (kim) - what?, why?, how?

• आहुः (āhuḥ) - they say, they speak

• दैवतम् (daivatam) - deity, divinity, god

• विप्राः (viprāḥ) - Addressing Bhishma as a wise and revered figure (plural of respect or referring to learned people in general). (O Brahmins, O wise ones)

• राजानम् (rājānam) - the king

• भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - Addressing Bhishma. (O best of Bharatas, O bull among Bharatas)

• मनुष्याणाम् (manuṣyāṇām) - of men, of human beings

• अधिपतिम् (adhipatim) - the lord, ruler, master

• तत् (tat) - Refers to the whole preceding question. (that)

• मे (me) - to me, for me

• ब्रूहि (brūhi) - tell, say, speak

• पितामह (pitāmaha) - Addressing Bhishma. (O Grandfather)

Words meanings and morphology

युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhishthira

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - firm in battle, Yudhishthira (eldest Pandava brother)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (yudhi+sthira)

• yudhi – in battle
  noun (feminine)
  Locative singular of yudh (battle).
• sthira – firm, steady, stable
  adjective (masculine)
  From root sthā (to stand).
  Root: sthā (class 1)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect tense, irregular form.

Root: vac (class 2)

किम् (kim) - what?, why?, how?

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kim

kim - what, which, why, how

आहुः (āhuḥ) - they say, they speak

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of ah

Irregular present tense form of the root ah.

Root: ah (class 2)

दैवतम् (daivatam) - deity, divinity, god

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of daivata

daivata - deity, divinity, divine nature, god

Derived from deva (god).

विप्राः (viprāḥ) - Addressing Bhishma as a wise and revered figure (plural of respect or referring to learned people in general). (O Brahmins, O wise ones)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, plural of vipra

vipra - Brahmin, sage, inspired, wise

From root vip (to quiver, be agitated, inspired).

Root: vip (class 1)

राजानम् (rājānam) - the king

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Root: rāj (class 1)

भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - Addressing Bhishma. (O best of Bharatas, O bull among Bharatas)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bharatarṣabha

bharatarṣabha - bull of Bharata, best of Bharatas

Compound type : tatpurusha (bharata+ṛṣabha)

• bharata – descendant of Bharata, India
  proper noun (masculine)
• ṛṣabha – bull, chief, best
  noun (masculine)

मनुष्याणाम् (manuṣyāṇām) - of men, of human beings

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of manuṣya

manuṣya - man, human being

Derived from manu.

अधिपतिम् (adhipatim) - the lord, ruler, master

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of adhipati

adhipati - lord, ruler, chief, master

Compound of adhi (over) and pati (master).

Compound type : tatpurusha (adhi+pati)

• adhi – over, above, superior
  indeclinable
• pati – master, lord, husband
  noun (masculine)

तत् (tat) - Refers to the whole preceding question. (that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

मे (me) - to me, for me

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of aham

aham - I, me

Enclitic form of the 1st person pronoun.

ब्रूहि (brūhi) - tell, say, speak

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of brū

Irregular imperative form of the root brū.

Root: brū (class 2)

पितामह (pitāmaha) - Addressing Bhishma. (O Grandfather)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pitāmaha

pitāmaha - grandfather, great father