महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-68, verse-39

यस्तस्य पुरुषः पापं मनसाप्यनुचिन्तयेत् ।
असंशयमिह क्लिष्टः प्रेत्यापि नरकं पतेत् ॥३९॥

39. yastasya puruṣaḥ pāpaṁ manasāpyanucintayet ,
asaṁśayamiha kliṣṭaḥ pretyāpi narakaṁ patet.

39. yaḥ tasya puruṣaḥ pāpam manasā api anucintayet
asaṃśayam iha kliṣṭaḥ pretya api narakam patet

39. yaḥ puruṣaḥ tasya pāpam manasā api anucintayet
asaṃśayam iha kliṣṭaḥ api pretya narakam patet

39. Any person (puruṣa) who even thinks evil of him (the king) in his mind will, without doubt, be tormented in this world and will fall into hell even after death.

Words meanings summery:

• यः (yaḥ) - who, whoever

• तस्य (tasya) - of him, his

• पुरुषः (puruṣaḥ) - person, man, male principle (puruṣa)

• पापम् (pāpam) - evil, sin, wrong

• मनसा (manasā) - by mind, mentally

• अपि (api) - even, also

• अनुचिन्तयेत् (anucintayet) - would think about, would contemplate

• असंशयम् (asaṁśayam) - undoubtedly, without doubt

• इह (iha) - here, in this world

• क्लिष्टः (kliṣṭaḥ) - tormented, distressed, troubled

• प्रेत्य (pretya) - having died, after death

• अपि (api) - even, also

• नरकम् (narakam) - hell

• पतेत् (patet) - would fall, would sink

Words meanings and morphology

यः (yaḥ) - who, whoever

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

तस्य (tasya) - of him, his

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

पुरुषः (puruṣaḥ) - person, man, male principle (puruṣa)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of puruṣa

puruṣa - man, person, male, human being, the spiritual principle (puruṣa)

पापम् (pāpam) - evil, sin, wrong

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pāpa

pāpa - evil, bad, wicked, sin, vice, crime

मनसा (manasā) - by mind, mentally

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of manas

manas - mind, intellect, thought, heart

अपि (api) - even, also

(indeclinable)

अनुचिन्तयेत् (anucintayet) - would think about, would contemplate

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi liṅ) of anu-cint

Optative Active

3rd person singular, optative mood, active voice, from root 'cint' (derived from 'cit' through 10th class formation) with prefix 'anu' (after, along, towards).

Prefix: anu

Root: cit (class 10)

असंशयम् (asaṁśayam) - undoubtedly, without doubt

(indeclinable)

From 'a' (not) and 'saṃśaya' (doubt).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+saṃśaya)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• saṃśaya – doubt, uncertainty, hesitation
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'śī' (to lie) with prefixes 'sam' and 'śa'.
  Prefix: sam
  Root: śī (class 2)

Note: Adverbial use (accusative singular neuter of adjective functioning as adverb)

इह (iha) - here, in this world

(indeclinable)

क्लिष्टः (kliṣṭaḥ) - tormented, distressed, troubled

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kliṣṭa

kliṣṭa - tormented, afflicted, distressed, troubled, suffering

Past Passive Participle

From root 'kliś' (to suffer, torment, afflict).

Root: kliś (class 4)

Note: Agrees with implied subject of 'patet' or 'puruṣaḥ'.

प्रेत्य (pretya) - having died, after death

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

From root 'i' (to go) with prefix 'pra' (forth, away). Forms 'pra-i' (to pass away, die). Absolutive ending '-tya'.

Prefix: pra

Root: i (class 2)

अपि (api) - even, also

(indeclinable)

नरकम् (narakam) - hell

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of naraka

naraka - hell, Hades, infernal region

पतेत् (patet) - would fall, would sink

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi liṅ) of pat

Optative Active

3rd person singular, optative mood, active voice, from root 'pat'.

Root: pat (class 1)