महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-68, verse-5

विधिं पप्रच्छ राज्यस्य सर्वभूतहिते रतः ।
प्रजानां हितमन्विच्छन्धर्ममूलं विशां पते ॥५॥

5. vidhiṁ papraccha rājyasya sarvabhūtahite rataḥ ,
prajānāṁ hitamanvicchandharmamūlaṁ viśāṁ pate.

5. vidhim papraccha rājyasya sarvabhūtahite rataḥ
prajānām hitam anvicchan dharmamūlam viśām pate

5. sarvabhūtahite rataḥ prajānām hitam anvicchan he viśām pate,
rājyasya dharmamūlam vidhim papraccha.

5. Devoted to the welfare of all beings and seeking the good of his subjects, O lord of the people, he inquired about the governing principles (dharma) of the kingdom, which form the very foundation of natural law (dharma).

Words meanings summery:

• विधिम् (vidhim) - governing principles (rule, method, procedure, injunction)

• पप्रच्छ (papraccha) - he asked, he inquired

• राज्यस्य (rājyasya) - of the kingdom, of the state

• सर्वभूतहिते (sarvabhūtahite) - in the welfare of all beings, devoted to the good of all creatures

• रतः (rataḥ) - devoted, engaged, intent on

• प्रजानाम् (prajānām) - of the subjects, of the people

• हितम् (hitam) - welfare, good, benefit

• अन्विच्छन् (anvicchan) - seeking, desiring, searching for

• धर्ममूलम् (dharmamūlam) - the very foundation of natural law (dharma) (the root/foundation of natural law (dharma))

• विशाम् (viśām) - of the people, of the subjects

• पते (pate) - O lord, O master

Words meanings and morphology

विधिम् (vidhim) - governing principles (rule, method, procedure, injunction)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vidhi

vidhi - rule, method, injunction, destiny, procedure

पप्रच्छ (papraccha) - he asked, he inquired

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, Perfect (Lit) of praś

Perfect tense

Root: praś (class 6)

राज्यस्य (rājyasya) - of the kingdom, of the state

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of rājya

rājya - kingdom, reign, government, state

सर्वभूतहिते (sarvabhūtahite) - in the welfare of all beings, devoted to the good of all creatures

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of sarvabhūtahita

sarvabhūtahita - welfare of all beings, beneficial to all creatures

Compound type : tatpurusha (sarva+bhūta+hita)

• sarva – all, every, whole
  pronoun (neuter)
• bhūta – being, creature, element, past
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Root: bhū (class 1)
• hita – welfare, benefit, good
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Root: dhā (class 3)

रतः (rataḥ) - devoted, engaged, intent on

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rata

rata - devoted, engaged in, fond of, attached to

Past Passive Participle

Root: ram (class 1)

प्रजानाम् (prajānām) - of the subjects, of the people

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of prajā

prajā - progeny, subjects, people, creation

हितम् (hitam) - welfare, good, benefit

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of hita

hita - welfare, benefit, good

Past Passive Participle

Root: dhā (class 3)

अन्विच्छन् (anvicchan) - seeking, desiring, searching for

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of anvicchat

anvicchat - seeking, desiring, searching for

Present Active Participle

Prefix: anu

Root: iṣ (class 6)

धर्ममूलम् (dharmamūlam) - the very foundation of natural law (dharma) (the root/foundation of natural law (dharma))

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dharmamūla

dharmamūla - root of natural law (dharma), foundation of righteousness

Compound type : tatpurusha (dharma+mūla)

• dharma – natural law, righteousness, duty, constitution, virtue
  noun (masculine)
• mūla – root, origin, foundation, source
  noun (neuter)

विशाम् (viśām) - of the people, of the subjects

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of viś

viś - people, community, subjects, settlement

पते (pate) - O lord, O master

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pati

pati - lord, master, husband