महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-224, verse-74

प्रत्याहारं तु वक्ष्यामि शर्वर्यादौ गतेऽहनि ।
यथेदं कुरुतेऽध्यात्मं सुसूक्ष्मं विश्वमीश्वरः ॥७४॥

74. pratyāhāraṁ tu vakṣyāmi śarvaryādau gate'hani ,
yathedaṁ kurute'dhyātmaṁ susūkṣmaṁ viśvamīśvaraḥ.

74. pratyāhāram tu vakṣyāmi śarvaryādau gate ahani
yathā idam kurute adhyātmam susūkṣmam viśvam īśvaraḥ

74. tu pratyāhāram vakṣyāmi śarvaryādau ahani gate
yathā īśvaraḥ idam susūkṣmam viśvam adhyātmam kurute

74. But I will explain *pratyāhāra*, at the beginning of the night, after the day has passed. [It concerns] how the Lord (īśvara) transforms this exceedingly subtle universe into the spiritual self (adhyātman).

Words meanings summery:

• प्रत्याहारम् (pratyāhāram) - the practice of pratyāhāra (withdrawal of the senses) (withdrawal, abstraction, sense control)

• तु (tu) - but (but, indeed, yet)

• वक्ष्यामि (vakṣyāmi) - I will explain/declare (I will speak, I will say, I will declare)

• शर्वर्यादौ (śarvaryādau) - at the beginning of the night

• गते (gate) - after it has passed (gone, passed, departed)

• अहनि (ahani) - when the day (has passed) (in the day, by day)

• यथा (yathā) - how (as, just as, how)

• इदम् (idam) - this (universe) (this, this one)

• कुरुते (kurute) - he transforms, he makes (he does, he makes, he performs)

• अध्यात्मम् (adhyātmam) - into the spiritual self (adhyātman) (pertaining to the self, spiritual, the self)

• सुसूक्ष्मम् (susūkṣmam) - exceedingly subtle (extremely subtle, very fine)

• विश्वम् (viśvam) - the universe (universe, all, whole)

• ईश्वरः (īśvaraḥ) - the Lord (īśvara) (lord, master, ruler, god)

Words meanings and morphology

प्रत्याहारम् (pratyāhāram) - the practice of pratyāhāra (withdrawal of the senses) (withdrawal, abstraction, sense control)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pratyāhāra

pratyāhāra - withdrawal, abstraction, control of senses, fifth limb of yoga

derived from ā-hṛ (to seize, take) with prati (back, against)

Prefixes: prati+ā

Root: hṛ (class 1)

तु (tu) - but (but, indeed, yet)

(indeclinable)

वक्ष्यामि (vakṣyāmi) - I will explain/declare (I will speak, I will say, I will declare)

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of vac

Future Tense, 1st Person Singular

Sigmatic future form of root vac (changed to vakṣ)

Root: vac (class 2)

शर्वर्यादौ (śarvaryādau) - at the beginning of the night

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of śarvaryādi

śarvaryādi - beginning of the night, night and so on

compound of śarvarī (night) and ādi (beginning)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śarvarī+ādi)

• śarvarī – night
  noun (feminine)
• ādi – beginning, first, and so on
  noun (masculine)

गते (gate) - after it has passed (gone, passed, departed)

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of gata

gata - gone, arrived at, passed, deceased

Past Passive Participle

from root gam (to go)

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Used in a locative absolute construction with 'ahani'.

अहनि (ahani) - when the day (has passed) (in the day, by day)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of ahan

ahan - day

n-stem noun

Note: Used in a locative absolute construction with 'gate'.

यथा (yathā) - how (as, just as, how)

(indeclinable)

इदम् (idam) - this (universe) (this, this one)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, here, now

demonstrative pronoun

Note: Refers to 'viśvam'.

कुरुते (kurute) - he transforms, he makes (he does, he makes, he performs)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of kṛ

Present Tense, 3rd Person Singular

Atmanepada form of root kṛ (class 8)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

अध्यात्मम् (adhyātmam) - into the spiritual self (adhyātman) (pertaining to the self, spiritual, the self)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of adhyātman

adhyātman - pertaining to the self, spiritual, the supreme self, the self

formed from adhi (over, on) + ātman (self)

Compound type : avyayībhāva (adhi+ātman)

• adhi – over, above, concerning
  indeclinable
  preposition/prefix
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence
  noun (masculine)
  Root: an (class 2)

Note: Functions as a predicate complement to 'kurute'.

सुसूक्ष्मम् (susūkṣmam) - exceedingly subtle (extremely subtle, very fine)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of susūkṣma

susūkṣma - very subtle, extremely fine

compound of su (good, very) and sūkṣma (subtle)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+sūkṣma)

• su – good, well, very
  indeclinable
  prefix
• sūkṣma – subtle, minute, fine
  adjective (neuter)
  Root: sūc

Note: Agrees with 'viśvam'.

विश्वम् (viśvam) - the universe (universe, all, whole)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of viśva

viśva - all, whole, universe, cosmos

Root: viś

Note: Object of 'kurute'.

ईश्वरः (īśvaraḥ) - the Lord (īśvara) (lord, master, ruler, god)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of īśvara

īśvara - lord, master, ruler, god, supreme being

from root īś (to be master, to rule)

Root: īś (class 2)

Note: Subject of 'kurute'.