महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-224, verse-21

एतानि शाश्वताँल्लोकान्धारयन्ति सनातनान् ।
एतद्ब्रह्मविदां तात विदितं ब्रह्म शाश्वतम् ॥२१॥

21. etāni śāśvatāँllokāndhārayanti sanātanān ,
etadbrahmavidāṁ tāta viditaṁ brahma śāśvatam.

21. etāni śāśvatān lokān dhārayanti sanātanān
etat brahmavidām tāta viditam brahma śāśvatam

21. etāni sanātanān śāśvatān lokān dhārayanti
tāta etat śāśvatam brahma brahmavidām viditam

21. These (divisions of time) uphold the eternal, everlasting worlds. This eternal absolute reality (brahman), my dear one, is known to those who know (brahman).

Words meanings summery:

• एतानि (etāni) - Refers to the yuga calculations/durations mentioned in previous verses. (these)

• शाश्वतान् (śāśvatān) - eternal, perpetual

• लोकान् (lokān) - The cosmic realms or planes of existence. (worlds, realms)

• धारयन्ति (dhārayanti) - These time cycles are integral to the maintenance of cosmic order and the existence of worlds. (they sustain, they uphold, they bear)

• सनातनान् (sanātanān) - everlasting, eternal

• एतत् (etat) - Refers to the brahman that is about to be mentioned. (this)

• ब्रह्मविदाम् (brahmavidām) - of those who know (brahman), of the knowers of the absolute reality

• तात (tāta) - A term of address indicating affection or respect, often from a teacher to a student. (dear one, father)

• विदितम् (viditam) - known, understood

• ब्रह्म (brahma) - The ultimate spiritual reality, the subject of Upanishadic knowledge. (absolute reality, sacred utterance, the ultimate truth (brahman))

• शाश्वतम् (śāśvatam) - eternal, perpetual

Words meanings and morphology

एतानि (etāni) - Refers to the yuga calculations/durations mentioned in previous verses. (these)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of etad

etad - this, these

Note: Subject of dhārayanti.

शाश्वतान् (śāśvatān) - eternal, perpetual

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of śāśvata

śāśvata - eternal, perpetual, constant

from śaśvat (always)

Note: Qualifies lokān.

लोकान् (lokān) - The cosmic realms or planes of existence. (worlds, realms)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of loka

loka - world, realm, people

Note: Object of dhārayanti.

धारयन्ति (dhārayanti) - These time cycles are integral to the maintenance of cosmic order and the existence of worlds. (they sustain, they uphold, they bear)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of dhṛ

causative present active

causative stem dhāraya- + 3rd person plural ending

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Subject is etāni.

सनातनान् (sanātanān) - everlasting, eternal

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sanātana

sanātana - eternal, everlasting, primeval

from sadā (always) + tan (to stretch)

Note: Qualifies lokān.

एतत् (etat) - Refers to the brahman that is about to be mentioned. (this)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this

Note: Subject of the sentence.

ब्रह्मविदाम् (brahmavidām) - of those who know (brahman), of the knowers of the absolute reality

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of brahmavid

brahmavid - knower of (brahman), one who understands the absolute reality

compound of brahma (brahman) and vid (knowing)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (brahman+vid)

• brahman – absolute reality, sacred utterance, the ultimate truth
  noun (neuter)
  Root: bṛh (class 1)
• vid – knowing, knowledge
  adjective (masculine)
  from root vid (to know)
  Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Indicates to whom something is known ("known to them").

तात (tāta) - A term of address indicating affection or respect, often from a teacher to a student. (dear one, father)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of tāta

tāta - father, dear one, child

Note: Term of address.

विदितम् (viditam) - known, understood

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vidita

vidita - known, understood, perceived

Past Passive Participle

from root vid + kta suffix

Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Predicate adjective for brahma.

ब्रह्म (brahma) - The ultimate spiritual reality, the subject of Upanishadic knowledge. (absolute reality, sacred utterance, the ultimate truth (brahman))

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of brahman

brahman - absolute reality, sacred utterance, ultimate truth

Root: bṛh (class 1)

Note: Subject of the second clause.

शाश्वतम् (śāśvatam) - eternal, perpetual

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śāśvata

śāśvata - eternal, perpetual, constant

from śaśvat (always)

Note: Qualifies brahma.