महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-224, verse-5

जाता परमधर्मिष्ठा दिव्यसंस्थानसंस्थिता ।
ततो भूयस्तु पृच्छामि तद्भवान्वक्तुमर्हति ॥५॥

5. jātā paramadharmiṣṭhā divyasaṁsthānasaṁsthitā ,
tato bhūyastu pṛcchāmi tadbhavānvaktumarhati.

5. jātā paramadharmiṣṭhā divyasaṃsthānasaṃsthitā
tataḥ bhūyaḥ tu pṛcchāmi tat bhavān vaktum arhati

5. (me buddhiḥ) paramadharmiṣṭhā divyasaṃsthānasaṃsthitā
jātā tataḥ bhūyaḥ tu pṛcchāmi tat bhavān vaktum arhati

5. My understanding has become supremely righteous (paramadharmiṣṭhā) and is established in a divine constitution (divyasaṃsthānasaṃsthitā). Therefore, I ask again; you ought to explain that.

Words meanings summery:

• जाता (jātā) - has become (born, arisen, become)

• परमधर्मिष्ठा (paramadharmiṣṭhā) - supremely righteous (paramadharmiṣṭhā) (most righteous, most devoted to dharma, founded on highest dharma)

• दिव्यसंस्थानसंस्थिता (divyasaṁsthānasaṁsthitā) - established in a divine constitution (divyasaṃsthānasaṃsthitā) (established in a divine state/constitution, endowed with divine characteristics)

• ततः (tataḥ) - therefore (from that, thence, therefore, then)

• भूयः (bhūyaḥ) - again, further, more

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, yet, moreover

• पृच्छामि (pṛcchāmi) - I ask

• तत् (tat) - refers to the subject of the first verse (that)

• भवान् (bhavān) - you (honorific)

• वक्तुम् (vaktum) - to speak, to tell

• अर्हति (arhati) - you ought (he/she/it ought, is able, deserves)

Words meanings and morphology

जाता (jātā) - has become (born, arisen, become)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of jāta

jāta - born, produced, become, happened

Past Passive Participle

From root `jan` (to be born, produce) + `kta` (ta) suffix.

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Serves as the verb 'has become' for `buddhiḥ`.

परमधर्मिष्ठा (paramadharmiṣṭhā) - supremely righteous (paramadharmiṣṭhā) (most righteous, most devoted to dharma, founded on highest dharma)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of paramadharmiṣṭha

paramadharmiṣṭha - most righteous, most devoted to the highest (dharma) (natural law)

Compound with superlative suffix `-iṣṭha`. `parama` + `dharma` + `iṣṭha`.

Compound type : tatpurusha (parama+dharma+iṣṭha)

• parama – highest, supreme
  adjective (neuter)
• dharma – intrinsic nature, natural law, righteousness, duty
  noun (masculine)
• iṣṭha – superlative suffix
  suffix
  Superlative suffix forming adjectives, e.g., `dhārmika` (righteous) becomes `dharmiṣṭha` (most righteous).

Note: Describes the quality of `buddhiḥ`.

दिव्यसंस्थानसंस्थिता (divyasaṁsthānasaṁsthitā) - established in a divine constitution (divyasaṃsthānasaṃsthitā) (established in a divine state/constitution, endowed with divine characteristics)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of divyasaṃsthānasaṃsthita

divyasaṁsthānasaṁsthita - established in a divine structure/constitution/state

Complex compound.

Compound type : tatpurusha (divya+saṃsthāna+saṃsthita)

• divya – divine, heavenly
  adjective (neuter)
• saṃsthāna – constitution, arrangement, state, form
  noun (neuter)
  From `sam-sthā` (to stand together, to be established) + `ana` suffix.
  Prefix: sam
  Root: sthā (class 1)
• saṃsthita – established, placed, situated
  Past Passive Participle (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From `sam-sthā` (to stand together, to be established) + `kta` (ta) suffix.
  Prefix: sam
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Describes the quality of `buddhiḥ`.

ततः (tataḥ) - therefore (from that, thence, therefore, then)

(indeclinable)

From `tad` (that) with `tasil` suffix.

भूयः (bhūyaḥ) - again, further, more

(indeclinable)

Comparative degree of `bahu` (much).

तु (tu) - but, indeed, yet, moreover

(indeclinable)

पृच्छामि (pṛcchāmi) - I ask

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of prach

Present Tense, Active Voice, First Person Singular

From root `prach` (to ask). `L-ṭ` (laṭ) Present tense.

Root: prach (class 6)

तत् (tat) - refers to the subject of the first verse (that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, this (demonstrative pronoun)

Note: Object of `vaktum`.

भवान् (bhavān) - you (honorific)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhavat

bhavat - you (honorific pronoun), being, existing

Present Active Participle

From root `bhū` (to be, exist) + `śatṛ` (at) suffix, used as a respectful pronoun.

Root: bhū (class 1)

वक्तुम् (vaktum) - to speak, to tell

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

From root `vac` (to speak) + `tumun` (tum) suffix.

Root: vac (class 2)

अर्हति (arhati) - you ought (he/she/it ought, is able, deserves)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of arh

Present Tense, Active Voice, Third Person Singular

From root `arh` (to deserve). `L-ṭ` (laṭ) Present tense.

Root: arh (class 1)