महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-224, verse-10

तस्मै प्रोवाच तत्सर्वं पिता पुत्राय पृच्छते ।
अतीतानागते विद्वान्सर्वज्ञः सर्वधर्मवित् ॥१०॥

10. tasmai provāca tatsarvaṁ pitā putrāya pṛcchate ,
atītānāgate vidvānsarvajñaḥ sarvadharmavit.

10. tasmai provāca tat sarvam pitā putrāya pṛcchate
atītānāgate vidvān sarvajñaḥ sarvadharma-vit

10. pitā atītānāgate vidvān sarvajñaḥ sarvadharma-vit
tasmai pṛcchate putrāya tat sarvam provāca

10. The father, who was learned in the past and future, omniscient, and knowledgeable about all natural laws (dharma), explained everything to his inquiring son.

Words meanings summery:

• तस्मै (tasmai) - to the son (to him, for him)

• प्रोवाच (provāca) - spoke, said, declared

• तत् (tat) - everything (that, that much, all that)

• सर्वम् (sarvam) - everything (all, whole, entire)

• पिता (pitā) - father

• पुत्राय (putrāya) - to the son, for the son

• पृच्छते (pṛcchate) - to his inquiring son (to the inquiring one, to the one who asks)

• अतीतानागते (atītānāgate) - in the past and future

• विद्वान् (vidvān) - learned, wise, knowing

• सर्वज्ञः (sarvajñaḥ) - omniscient, all-knowing

• सर्वधर्म-वित् (sarvadharma-vit) - knower of all natural laws (dharma)

Words meanings and morphology

तस्मै (tasmai) - to the son (to him, for him)

(pronoun)

Dative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it (demonstrative pronoun)

Pronominal base

प्रोवाच (provāca) - spoke, said, declared

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of pravac

Verb with prefix pra- and root vac

Prefix: pra

Root: vac (class 2)

तत् (tat) - everything (that, that much, all that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it (demonstrative pronoun)

Pronominal base

सर्वम् (sarvam) - everything (all, whole, entire)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Note: Agrees with 'tat'

पिता (pitā) - father

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pitṛ

pitṛ - father

Root-vowel noun (r-ending)

पुत्राय (putrāya) - to the son, for the son

(noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son

A-stem noun

पृच्छते (pṛcchate) - to his inquiring son (to the inquiring one, to the one who asks)

(participle)

Dative, masculine, singular of pṛcchat

pṛcchat - asking, inquiring

Present Active Participle

Derived from root 'prach' (class 6, to ask)

Root: prach (class 6)

Note: Agrees with 'putrāya'

अतीतानागते (atītānāgate) - in the past and future

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, dual of atītānāgata

atītānāgata - that which has passed and that which has not come; past and future

Dvandva compound of 'atīta' (past) and 'anāgata' (future)

Compound type : Dvandva (atīta+anāgata)

• atīta – past, gone by
  participle (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root 'i' (to go) with prefix 'ati-'
  Prefix: ati
  Root: i (class 2)
• anāgata – not yet come, future, un-arrived
  participle (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root 'gam' (to go) with prefix 'ā-' and negating prefix 'an-'
  Prefixes: an+ā
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Used adverbially to indicate knowledge of both past and future

विद्वान् (vidvān) - learned, wise, knowing

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vidvat

vidvat - knowing, learned, wise

Perfect Active Participle

Derived from root 'vid' (to know)

Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'pitā'

सर्वज्ञः (sarvajñaḥ) - omniscient, all-knowing

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sarvajña

sarvajña - all-knowing, omniscient

Tatpuruṣa compound of 'sarva' (all) and 'jña' (knower)

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (sarva+jña)

• sarva – all, every
  adjective
• jña – knower, understanding
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root 'jñā' (to know)
  Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Agrees with 'pitā'

सर्वधर्म-वित् (sarvadharma-vit) - knower of all natural laws (dharma)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sarvadharma-vit

sarvadharma-vit - knower of all dharmas, expert in all natural laws

Tatpuruṣa compound of 'sarvadharma' (all dharmas) and 'vid' (knower)

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (sarvadharma+vit)

• sarvadharma – all dharmas, all duties/laws/principles
  noun (masculine)
  Tatpuruṣa compound of 'sarva' (all) and 'dharma' (natural law)
• vit – knower, expert
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root 'vid' (to know)
  Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'pitā'