महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-224, verse-53

तपो निःश्रेयसं जन्तोस्तस्य मूलं दमः शमः ।
तेन सर्वानवाप्नोति यान्कामान्मनसेच्छति ॥५३॥

53. tapo niḥśreyasaṁ jantostasya mūlaṁ damaḥ śamaḥ ,
tena sarvānavāpnoti yānkāmānmanasecchati.

53. tapaḥ niḥśreyasam jantoḥ tasya mūlam damaḥ śamaḥ
| tena sarvān avāpnoti yān kāmān manasā icchati

53. jantoḥ tapaḥ niḥśreyasam tasya mūlam damaḥ śamaḥ (ca) tena (dama-śamena) (janaḥ) manasā yān kāmān icchati (tān) sarvān avāpnoti.

53. Austerity (tapas) is the highest good (niḥśreyasa) for a living being. Its root is self-control (dama) and mental tranquility (śama). Through these, one obtains all the desires (kāma) that one wishes for in one's mind.

Words meanings summery:

• तपः (tapaḥ) - austerity (tapas), spiritual discipline, heat

• निःश्रेयसम् (niḥśreyasam) - the highest good, ultimate liberation, supreme beatitude (niḥśreyasa)

• जन्तोः (jantoḥ) - of a creature, of a living being

• तस्य (tasya) - its, of that (neuter singular genitive)

• मूलम् (mūlam) - root, foundation, origin

• दमः (damaḥ) - self-control (dama) (of the senses), restraint

• शमः (śamaḥ) - mental tranquility (śama), calmness, control (of the mind)

• तेन (tena) - by that, by those (masculine singular instrumental, referring to dama and śama)

• सर्वान् (sarvān) - all (masculine plural accusative)

• अवाप्नोति (avāpnoti) - obtains, reaches, acquires

• यान् (yān) - which (masculine plural accusative)

• कामान् (kāmān) - desires (kāma), wishes, objects of desire

• मनसा (manasā) - by the mind, with the mind

• इच्छति (icchati) - desires, wishes, seeks

Words meanings and morphology

तपः (tapaḥ) - austerity (tapas), spiritual discipline, heat

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tapas

tapas - austerity, spiritual discipline, heat, penance

Root: tap (class 1)

निःश्रेयसम् (niḥśreyasam) - the highest good, ultimate liberation, supreme beatitude (niḥśreyasa)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of niḥśreyasa

niḥśreyasa - highest good, ultimate liberation, supreme beatitude

Compound type : prādi-tatpuruṣa (niḥ+śreyasa)

• niḥ – out, away, complete, without
  prefix
• śreyasa – better, more excellent, good, auspicious
  adjective (neuter)

जन्तोः (jantoḥ) - of a creature, of a living being

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of jantu

jantu - creature, living being, man

Root: jan (class 4)

तस्य (tasya) - its, of that (neuter singular genitive)

(pronoun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it

मूलम् (mūlam) - root, foundation, origin

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of mūla

mūla - root, foundation, origin, basis

दमः (damaḥ) - self-control (dama) (of the senses), restraint

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dama

dama - self-control, restraint of the senses, taming

Root: dam (class 4)

शमः (śamaḥ) - mental tranquility (śama), calmness, control (of the mind)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śama

śama - tranquility, calmness, mental control, quietude

Root: śam (class 4)

तेन (tena) - by that, by those (masculine singular instrumental, referring to dama and śama)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, it

सर्वान् (sarvān) - all (masculine plural accusative)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

अवाप्नोति (avāpnoti) - obtains, reaches, acquires

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of avāp

Prefix: ava

Root: āp (class 5)

यान् (yān) - which (masculine plural accusative)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - which, what, that

कामान् (kāmān) - desires (kāma), wishes, objects of desire

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of kāma

kāma - desire, wish, love, object of desire

Root: kam (class 1)

मनसा (manasā) - by the mind, with the mind

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of manas

manas - mind, intellect, heart, understanding

इच्छति (icchati) - desires, wishes, seeks

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of iṣ

Root: iṣ (class 6)