महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-224, verse-2

लोकतत्त्वं च कार्त्स्न्येन भूतानामागतिं गतिम् ।
सर्गश्च निधनं चैव कुत एतत्प्रवर्तते ॥२॥

2. lokatattvaṁ ca kārtsnyena bhūtānāmāgatiṁ gatim ,
sargaśca nidhanaṁ caiva kuta etatpravartate.

2. lokatattvam ca kārtsnyena bhūtānām āgatim gatim
sargaḥ ca nidhanam ca eva kutaḥ etat pravartate

2. kārtsnyena lokatattvam ca bhūtānām āgatim gatim
ca eva sargaḥ nidhanam etat kutaḥ pravartate

2. Please explain fully the true nature of the world, the origin and destiny of all beings, as well as their creation and dissolution (nidhana). From where does all this originate?

Words meanings summery:

• लोकतत्त्वम् (lokatattvam) - the essence of the world, the nature of reality

• च (ca) - and, also

• कार्त्स्न्येन (kārtsnyena) - completely, entirely, fully

• भूतानाम् (bhūtānām) - of living beings (of beings, of creatures, of elements)

• आगतिम् (āgatim) - coming, origin, arrival

• गतिम् (gatim) - going, movement, destiny, end, state

• सर्गः (sargaḥ) - creation of the world/beings (creation, emanation, discharge)

• च (ca) - and, also

• निधनम् (nidhanam) - destruction, death, end, dissolution

• च (ca) - and, also

• एव (eva) - indeed, just, only, also

• कुतः (kutaḥ) - from where, whence, why

• एतत् (etat) - refers to the topics listed previously (this, all this)

• प्रवर्तते (pravartate) - proceeds, originates, functions, occurs

Words meanings and morphology

लोकतत्त्वम् (lokatattvam) - the essence of the world, the nature of reality

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of lokatattva

lokatattva - the principle of the world, the true nature of existence

Compound type : tatpurusha (loka+tattva)

• loka – world, people, realm
  noun (neuter)
• tattva – reality, essence, truth, principle
  noun (neuter)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

कार्त्स्न्येन (kārtsnyena) - completely, entirely, fully

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of kārtsnya

kārtsnya - completeness, entireness, totality

Derived from `kṛtsna` (whole, entire) with `ṣyañ` suffix forming abstract noun.

Note: Functions as an adverb here.

भूतानाम् (bhūtānām) - of living beings (of beings, of creatures, of elements)

(adjective)

Genitive, neuter, plural of bhūta

bhūta - a being, creature, element, past (as participle: having been)

Past Passive Participle

From root `bhū` (to be, exist) + suffix `kta` (ta).

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Used as a substantive.

आगतिम् (āgatim) - coming, origin, arrival

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of āgati

āgati - coming, approach, arrival, origin

From `ā-gam` (to come) + suffix `kti` (ti).

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)

गतिम् (gatim) - going, movement, destiny, end, state

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of gati

gati - going, movement, path, course, destiny, end, state

From root `gam` (to go) + suffix `kti` (ti).

Root: gam (class 1)

सर्गः (sargaḥ) - creation of the world/beings (creation, emanation, discharge)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sarga

sarga - creation, creation of the world, emission, production

From `sṛj` (to let go, create) + `ghañ` (a) suffix.

Root: sṛj (class 6)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

निधनम् (nidhanam) - destruction, death, end, dissolution

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of nidhana

nidhana - death, destruction, dissolution, end, repository

From `ni-dhā` (to place down, deposit) + `anaṭ` (ana) suffix.

Prefix: ni

Root: dhā (class 3)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, just, only, also

(indeclinable)

कुतः (kutaḥ) - from where, whence, why

(indeclinable)

Ablative of `kim` (what) used as an adverb.

एतत् (etat) - refers to the topics listed previously (this, all this)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this (demonstrative pronoun)

प्रवर्तते (pravartate) - proceeds, originates, functions, occurs

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of vṛt

Present Tense, Middle Voice, Third Person Singular

From root `vṛt` (to turn, exist) with prefix `pra`. `L-ṭ` (laṭ) Present tense.

Prefix: pra

Root: vṛt (class 1)