महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-224, verse-55

ऋषयस्तपसा वेदानध्यैषन्त दिवानिशम् ।
अनादिनिधना नित्या वागुत्सृष्टा स्वयंभुवा ॥५५॥

55. ṛṣayastapasā vedānadhyaiṣanta divāniśam ,
anādinidhanā nityā vāgutsṛṣṭā svayaṁbhuvā.

55. ṛṣayaḥ tapasā vedān adhyaiṣanta divāniśam
anādinidhanā nityā vāk utsṛṣṭā svayambhuva

55. ṛṣayaḥ tapasā divāniśam vedān adhyaiṣanta
anādinidhanā nityā vāk svayambhuva utsṛṣṭā

55. Through spiritual discipline (tapas), the sages studied the Vedas (Veda) day and night. The eternal word (Veda), which is without beginning or end, was revealed by the Self-existent one.

Words meanings summery:

• ऋषयः (ṛṣayaḥ) - sages, seers

• तपसा (tapasā) - by spiritual discipline, by penance, by asceticism

• वेदान् (vedān) - the Vedas, sacred knowledge

• अध्यैषन्त (adhyaiṣanta) - they studied, they recited

• दिवानिशम् (divāniśam) - day and night, constantly

• अनादिनिधना (anādinidhanā) - without beginning or end, eternal

• नित्या (nityā) - eternal, perpetual, constant

• वाक् (vāk) - The Veda, divine speech (word, speech, voice)

• उत्सृष्टा (utsṛṣṭā) - emitted, created, revealed, released

• स्वयम्भुव (svayambhuva) - by the Self-existent one, by Brahmā

Words meanings and morphology

ऋषयः (ṛṣayaḥ) - sages, seers

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ṛṣi

ṛṣi - sage, seer, inspired poet, Vedic hymn author

Note: Subject of 'adhyaiṣanta'.

तपसा (tapasā) - by spiritual discipline, by penance, by asceticism

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of tapas

tapas - spiritual discipline, penance, asceticism, heat, suffering

Note: Refers to the means by which the sages studied.

वेदान् (vedān) - the Vedas, sacred knowledge

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of veda

veda - Veda, sacred knowledge, knowledge, wisdom

Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Object of 'adhyaiṣanta'.

अध्यैषन्त (adhyaiṣanta) - they studied, they recited

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of adhi-ī

Prefix: adhi

Root: i (class 2)

दिवानिशम् (divāniśam) - day and night, constantly

(indeclinable)

Compound type : dvandva (divā+niśā)

• divā – by day
  indeclinable
• niśā – night
  noun (feminine)

Note: Adverbial usage.

अनादिनिधना (anādinidhanā) - without beginning or end, eternal

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of anādinidhana

anādinidhana - without beginning or end, eternal

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (a+ādi+nidhana)

• a – not, un-
  prefix
• ādi – beginning, origin
  noun (masculine)
• nidhana – end, destruction, death
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies 'vāk'.

नित्या (nityā) - eternal, perpetual, constant

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of nitya

nitya - eternal, constant, perpetual, inherent

Note: Qualifies 'vāk'.

वाक् (vāk) - The Veda, divine speech (word, speech, voice)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of vāc

vāc - speech, word, voice, language

Note: Subject of the second clause.

उत्सृष्टा (utsṛṣṭā) - emitted, created, revealed, released

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of utsṛṣṭa

utsṛṣṭa - emitted, created, revealed, released, abandoned

Past Passive Participle

derived from root sṛj with prefix ut

Prefix: ut

Root: sṛj (class 6)

Note: Acts as a predicate for 'vāk' in a passive construction.

स्वयम्भुव (svayambhuva) - by the Self-existent one, by Brahmā

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of svayaṁbhū

svayaṁbhū - Self-existent, Brahmā

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (svayam+bhū)

• svayam – self, by oneself
  indeclinable
• bhū – being, existing
  adjective (masculine)
  Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Agent in the passive construction.