महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-224, verse-12

काष्ठा निमेषा दश पञ्च चैव त्रिंशत्तु काष्ठा गणयेत्कलां ताम् ।
त्रिंशत्कलाश्चापि भवेन्मुहूर्तो भागः कलाया दशमश्च यः स्यात् ॥१२॥

12. kāṣṭhā nimeṣā daśa pañca caiva; triṁśattu kāṣṭhā gaṇayetkalāṁ tām ,
triṁśatkalāścāpi bhavenmuhūrto; bhāgaḥ kalāyā daśamaśca yaḥ syāt.

12. kāṣṭhā nimeṣā daśa pañca ca eva
triṃśat tu kāṣṭhāḥ gaṇayet kalām tām
triṃśat kalāḥ ca api bhavet muhūrtaḥ
bhāgaḥ kalāyāḥ daśamaḥ ca yaḥ syāt

12. daśa pañca ca eva nimeṣā kāṣṭhā (bhavet)
triṃśat kāṣṭhāḥ tām kalām tu gaṇayet
ca api triṃśat kalāḥ muhūrtaḥ bhavet
ca yaḥ daśamaḥ bhāgaḥ kalāyāḥ syāt

12. Fifteen `nimeṣa`s make one `kāṣṭhā`. Thirty `kāṣṭhā`s are reckoned as one `kalā`. Furthermore, thirty `kalā`s constitute a `muhūrta`. The tenth part of a `kalā` is also a recognized unit.

Words meanings summery:

• काष्ठा (kāṣṭhā) - a unit of time (approx. 3.2 seconds)

• निमेषा (nimeṣā) - winks, blinks; a unit of time (approx. 0.2 seconds)

• दश (daśa) - ten

• पञ्च (pañca) - five

• च (ca) - and

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

• त्रिंशत् (triṁśat) - thirty

• तु (tu) - but, however, on the other hand

• काष्ठाः (kāṣṭhāḥ) - kāṣṭhās (plural)

• गणयेत् (gaṇayet) - one should count, he should count

• कलाम् (kalām) - kalā (unit of time, approx. 1 minute 4 seconds)

• ताम् (tām) - that kalā (referring back to kalām) (that (feminine))

• त्रिंशत् (triṁśat) - thirty

• कलाः (kalāḥ) - kalās (plural)

• च (ca) - and

• अपि (api) - also, even, moreover

• भवेत् (bhavet) - constitutes, makes (would be, becomes, should be, may be)

• मुहूर्तः (muhūrtaḥ) - a muhūrta (unit of time, approx. 48 minutes)

• भागः (bhāgaḥ) - part, share, portion

• कलायाः (kalāyāḥ) - of a kalā

• दशमः (daśamaḥ) - tenth

• च (ca) - and

• यः (yaḥ) - which, who

• स्यात् (syāt) - may be, exists, is

Words meanings and morphology

काष्ठा (kāṣṭhā) - a unit of time (approx. 3.2 seconds)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kāṣṭhā

kāṣṭhā - unit of time (15 nimeṣas); piece of wood, twig, direction

Ā-stem noun

निमेषा (nimeṣā) - winks, blinks; a unit of time (approx. 0.2 seconds)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nimeṣa

nimeṣa - wink, blink; moment; unit of time

Derived from root 'miṣ' (to wink) with prefix 'ni-'

Prefix: ni

Root: miṣ (class 4)

दश (daśa) - ten

(numeral)

पञ्च (pañca) - five

(numeral)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Conjunctive particle

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle

त्रिंशत् (triṁśat) - thirty

(numeral)

Note: Used as a collective singular

तु (tu) - but, however, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

Conjunctive particle, adversative

काष्ठाः (kāṣṭhāḥ) - kāṣṭhās (plural)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of kāṣṭhā

kāṣṭhā - unit of time (15 nimeṣas); piece of wood, twig, direction

Ā-stem noun

गणयेत् (gaṇayet) - one should count, he should count

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of gaṇ

Causal of root 'gaṇ' (class 10)

Root: gaṇ (class 10)

कलाम् (kalām) - kalā (unit of time, approx. 1 minute 4 seconds)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of kalā

kalā - a small portion, part; an art, skill; unit of time (30 kāṣṭhās)

Ā-stem noun

ताम् (tām) - that kalā (referring back to kalām) (that (feminine))

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it (demonstrative pronoun)

Pronominal base

Note: Agrees with 'kalām'

त्रिंशत् (triṁśat) - thirty

(numeral)

Note: Used as a collective singular

कलाः (kalāḥ) - kalās (plural)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of kalā

kalā - a small portion, part; an art, skill; unit of time (30 kāṣṭhās)

Ā-stem noun

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Conjunctive particle

अपि (api) - also, even, moreover

(indeclinable)

Conjunctive particle

भवेत् (bhavet) - constitutes, makes (would be, becomes, should be, may be)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of bhū

Root verb (class 1), optative mood

Root: bhū (class 1)

मुहूर्तः (muhūrtaḥ) - a muhūrta (unit of time, approx. 48 minutes)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of muhūrta

muhūrta - a short space of time, moment; a unit of time (30 kalās)

A-stem noun

भागः (bhāgaḥ) - part, share, portion

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhāga

bhāga - share, portion, part; division

Derived from root 'bhaj' (to divide, share)

Root: bhaj (class 1)

कलायाः (kalāyāḥ) - of a kalā

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of kalā

kalā - a small portion, part; an art, skill; unit of time (30 kāṣṭhās)

Ā-stem noun

दशमः (daśamaḥ) - tenth

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of daśama

daśama - tenth

Ordinal numeral, derived from 'daśan' (ten)

Note: Agrees with 'bhāgaḥ'

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Conjunctive particle

यः (yaḥ) - which, who

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, who, what (relative pronoun)

Pronominal base

Note: Refers to 'bhāgaḥ'

स्यात् (syāt) - may be, exists, is

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of as

Root verb (class 2), optative mood

Root: as (class 2)