महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-224, verse-24

अरोगाः सर्वसिद्धार्थाश्चतुर्वर्षशतायुषः ।
कृते त्रेतादिष्वेतेषां पादशो ह्रसते वयः ॥२४॥

24. arogāḥ sarvasiddhārthāścaturvarṣaśatāyuṣaḥ ,
kṛte tretādiṣveteṣāṁ pādaśo hrasate vayaḥ.

24. arogāḥ sarvasiddharthāḥ caturvarṣaśatāyuṣaḥ
kṛte tretādiṣu eteṣām pādaśaḥ hrasate vayaḥ

24. kṛte (yuge janāḥ) arogāḥ sarvasiddharthāḥ caturvarṣaśatāyuṣaḥ (bhavanti).
tretādiṣu (yugeṣu) eteṣām vayaḥ pādaśaḥ hrasate.

24. In the Kṛta age, people are free from diseases, have all their objectives fulfilled, and live for four hundred years. In the Tretā and subsequent ages, their lifespan (vayas) diminishes by a quarter with each [succeeding age].

Words meanings summery:

• अरोगाः (arogāḥ) - without any illness (free from disease, healthy)

• सर्वसिद्धर्थाः (sarvasiddharthāḥ) - having all their goals and desires fulfilled (having all objects accomplished, successful in all endeavors)

• चतुर्वर्षशतायुषः (caturvarṣaśatāyuṣaḥ) - having a lifespan of four hundred years (living for four hundred years)

• कृते (kṛte) - in the Kṛta Yuga (made, done, in the Kṛta Yuga)

• त्रेतादिषु (tretādiṣu) - in the Tretā and subsequent ages (in the Tretā and other (yugas), in the like of Tretā)

• एतेषाम् (eteṣām) - of these (people mentioned for Kṛta Yuga) (of these, their)

• पादशः (pādaśaḥ) - diminishing by a quarter (by a quarter, quarter by quarter, foot by foot)

• ह्रसते (hrasate) - becomes shorter, reduces (diminishes, decreases, is shortened)

• वयः (vayaḥ) - lifespan, duration of life (age, lifespan, youth, strength)

Words meanings and morphology

अरोगाः (arogāḥ) - without any illness (free from disease, healthy)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of aroga

aroga - free from disease, healthy

Negative prefix 'a' + 'roga' (disease)

Compound type : nah-tatpuruṣa (a+roga)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• roga – disease, sickness
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to the people of the Kṛta Yuga.

सर्वसिद्धर्थाः (sarvasiddharthāḥ) - having all their goals and desires fulfilled (having all objects accomplished, successful in all endeavors)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarvasiddhārtha

sarvasiddhārtha - one whose every object is attained

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sarva+siddha+artha)

• sarva – all, every
  adjective
• siddha – accomplished, achieved, perfect
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root sidh (to succeed, accomplish)
  Root: sidh (class 4)
• artha – purpose, object, meaning, wealth
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies the implied 'people'.

चतुर्वर्षशतायुषः (caturvarṣaśatāyuṣaḥ) - having a lifespan of four hundred years (living for four hundred years)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of caturvarṣaśatāyuṣ

caturvarṣaśatāyuṣ - living for four hundred years

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (catur+varṣa+śata+āyuṣ)

• catur – four
  numeral
• varṣa – year
  noun (neuter)
• śata – hundred
  numeral (neuter)
• āyuṣ – life, lifespan
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies the implied 'people'.

कृते (kṛte) - in the Kṛta Yuga (made, done, in the Kṛta Yuga)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of kṛta

kṛta - done, made, performed, the first (Kṛta) yuga

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root kṛ (to do, make)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Refers to the Kṛta Yuga.

त्रेतादिषु (tretādiṣu) - in the Tretā and subsequent ages (in the Tretā and other (yugas), in the like of Tretā)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of tretādi

tretādi - Tretā and others (referring to yugas)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (tretā+ādi)

• tretā – the second yuga (Tretā)
  noun (feminine)
• ādi – beginning, and so on, etc.
  indeclinable

Note: Refers to the yugas following Kṛta, i.e., Tretā, Dvāpara, Kali.

एतेषाम् (eteṣām) - of these (people mentioned for Kṛta Yuga) (of these, their)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of etad

etad - this, these

Note: Refers to the people whose characteristics were described.

पादशः (pādaśaḥ) - diminishing by a quarter (by a quarter, quarter by quarter, foot by foot)

(indeclinable)

Derived from 'pāda' (foot, quarter) with suffix '-śas'

ह्रसते (hrasate) - becomes shorter, reduces (diminishes, decreases, is shortened)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of hras

Root: hras (class 1)

वयः (vayaḥ) - lifespan, duration of life (age, lifespan, youth, strength)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vayas

vayas - age, lifespan, youth, strength, energy