महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-71, verse-53

समन्युरुत्थाय महानुभावस्तदोशना विप्रहितं चिकीर्षुः ।
काव्यः स्वयं वाक्यमिदं जगाद सुरापानं प्रति वै जातशङ्कः ॥५३॥

53. samanyurutthāya mahānubhāva;stadośanā viprahitaṁ cikīrṣuḥ ,
kāvyaḥ svayaṁ vākyamidaṁ jagāda; surāpānaṁ prati vai jātaśaṅkaḥ.

53. sa manyuḥ utthāya mahānubhāvaḥ
tadā uśanā viprahitam cikīrṣuḥ
| kāvyaḥ svayam vākyam idam jagāda
surāpānam prati vai jātaśaṅkaḥ

53. Then, the greatly illustrious Uśanā, filled with wrath, rose up. Desiring the welfare of the Brahmins, Kāvya himself, having become suspicious regarding wine-drinking, spoke these words.

Words meanings summery:

• स (sa) - he, that

• मन्युः (manyuḥ) - wrath, anger

• उत्थाय (utthāya) - having risen, having stood up

• महानुभावः (mahānubhāvaḥ) - greatly illustrious, noble

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• उशना (uśanā) - Uśanā, Śukra

• विप्रहितम् (viprahitam) - welfare of Brahmins

• चिकीर्षुः (cikīrṣuḥ) - desiring to do, intending to do

• काव्यः (kāvyaḥ) - Kāvya (epithet of Śukra)

• स्वयम् (svayam) - himself, personally

• वाक्यम् (vākyam) - word, speech, sentence

• इदम् (idam) - this

• जगाद (jagāda) - said, spoke

• सुरापानम् (surāpānam) - wine-drinking

• प्रति (prati) - towards, regarding, concerning

• वै (vai) - indeed, truly

• जातशङ्कः (jātaśaṅkaḥ) - suspicious, having suspicion arisen

Words meanings and morphology

स (sa) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

मन्युः (manyuḥ) - wrath, anger

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of manyu

manyu - wrath, anger, passion, indignation

Note: Used as an adjective in a Tatpurusha compound, e.g., 'samanyu' (with anger).

उत्थाय (utthāya) - having risen, having stood up

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

absolutive form of the root sthā with prefix ud

Prefix: ud

Root: sthā (class 1)

महानुभावः (mahānubhāvaḥ) - greatly illustrious, noble

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahānubhāva

mahānubhāva - greatly illustrious, noble, high-minded, dignified

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+anubhāva)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (masculine)
• anubhāva – dignity, power, influence
  noun (masculine)

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

उशना (uśanā) - Uśanā, Śukra

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of uśanas

uśanas - name of a Vedic sage, identified with Śukra, the preceptor of the Dānavas

विप्रहितम् (viprahitam) - welfare of Brahmins

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of viprahita

viprahita - welfare or benefit of Brahmins

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vipra+hita)

• vipra – Brahmin, inspired, learned
  noun (masculine)
• hita – beneficial, salutary, welfare, benefit
  noun (neuter)
  past passive participle
  past passive participle of root dhā (to place), with semantic shift to 'welfare'
  Root: dhā (class 3)

चिकीर्षुः (cikīrṣuḥ) - desiring to do, intending to do

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of cikīrṣu

cikīrṣu - desirous of doing, wishing to perform

desiderative agent noun/participle

formed from the desiderative stem of the root kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

काव्यः (kāvyaḥ) - Kāvya (epithet of Śukra)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kāvya

kāvya - a descendant of Kavi (an epithet of Śukra); poetic, relating to a poet

स्वयम् (svayam) - himself, personally

(indeclinable)

वाक्यम् (vākyam) - word, speech, sentence

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vākya

vākya - speech, word, sentence, statement

इदम् (idam) - this

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, here

जगाद (jagāda) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of gad

Root: gad (class 1)

सुरापानम् (surāpānam) - wine-drinking

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of surāpāna

surāpāna - drinking wine, carousing

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (surā+pāna)

• surā – wine, liquor, spirituous liquor
  noun (feminine)
• pāna – drinking, act of drinking
  noun (neuter)
  action noun
  derived from root pā (to drink)
  Root: pā (class 1)

प्रति (prati) - towards, regarding, concerning

(indeclinable)

वै (vai) - indeed, truly

(indeclinable)

जातशङ्कः (jātaśaṅkaḥ) - suspicious, having suspicion arisen

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jātaśaṅka

jātaśaṅka - having suspicion arisen, suspicious

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (jāta+śaṅka)

• jāta – born, produced, arisen, happened
  adjective (neuter)
  past passive participle
  past passive participle of root jan (to be born)
  Root: jan (class 4)
• śaṅka – doubt, suspicion, fear
  noun (masculine)