महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-71, verse-39

शुक्र उवाच ।
असंशयं मामसुरा द्विषन्ति ये मे शिष्यं नागसं सूदयन्ति ।
अब्राह्मणं कर्तुमिच्छन्ति रौद्रास्ते मां यथा प्रस्तुतं दानवैर्हि ।
अप्यस्य पापस्य भवेदिहान्तः कं ब्रह्महत्या न दहेदपीन्द्रम् ॥३९॥

39. śukra uvāca ,
asaṁśayaṁ māmasurā dviṣanti; ye me śiṣyaṁ nāgasaṁ sūdayanti ,
abrāhmaṇaṁ kartumicchanti raudrā;ste māṁ yathā prastutaṁ dānavairhi ,
apyasya pāpasya bhavedihāntaḥ; kaṁ brahmahatyā na dahedapīndram.

39. śukraḥ uvāca | asaṃśayam mām asurāḥ dviṣanti ye me śiṣyam
anāgasam sūdayanti | abrāhmaṇam kartum icchanti raudrāḥ
te mām yathā prastutam dānavaiḥ hi | api asya pāpasya
bhavet iha antaḥ kam brahmahatyā na dahet api indram

39. Shukra said: "Undoubtedly, the Asuras hate me; those fierce ones who kill my innocent student wish to make me a 'non-brahmin', just as they were presented by the Danavas. Will there ever be an end to this sin here? Whom would a brahmahatya not consume, not even Indra?"

Words meanings summery:

• शुक्रः (śukraḥ) - Shukra (proper name)

• उवाच (uvāca) - spoke, said

• असंशयम् (asaṁśayam) - without doubt, undoubtedly

• माम् (mām) - me

• असुराः (asurāḥ) - Asuras (demons)

• द्विषन्ति (dviṣanti) - they hate, they are hostile to

• ये (ye) - who, which (plural)

• मे (me) - my, to me, for me

• शिष्यम् (śiṣyam) - student, disciple

• अनागसम् (anāgasam) - innocent, faultless

• सूदयन्ति (sūdayanti) - they kill, they destroy

• अब्राह्मणम् (abrāhmaṇam) - non-brahmin, one who is not a brahmin

• कर्तुम् (kartum) - to do, to make

• इच्छन्ति (icchanti) - they wish, they desire

• रौद्राः (raudrāḥ) - fierce, terrible, wrathful

• ते (te) - those, they

• माम् (mām) - me

• यथा (yathā) - as, just as, according to

• प्रस्तुतम् (prastutam) - presented [with a challenge] or treated (presented, offered, begun)

• दानवैः (dānavaiḥ) - by the Danavas

• हि (hi) - indeed, for

• अपि (api) - also, even, whether

• अस्य (asya) - of this, of him

• पापस्य (pāpasya) - of sin, of evil

• भवेत् (bhavet) - may there be, should be

• इह (iha) - here, in this world

• अन्तः (antaḥ) - end, limit

• कम् (kam) - whom, what

• ब्रह्महत्या (brahmahatyā) - brahmahatya (the sin of killing a brahmin)

• न (na) - not

• दहेत् (dahet) - would it burn, would it consume

• अपि (api) - even, also

• इन्द्रम् (indram) - Indra

Words meanings and morphology

शुक्रः (śukraḥ) - Shukra (proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śukra

śukra - Shukra (preceptor of the Asuras), seed, bright, clear

उवाच (uvāca) - spoke, said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect (lit)

Root vac, class 2, Parasmaipada, lit (perfect), 3rd person singular

Root: vac (class 2)

असंशयम् (asaṁśayam) - without doubt, undoubtedly

(indeclinable)

Compound (Na-tatpurusha) of 'a' (not) and 'saṃśaya' (doubt)

Note: Used as an adverb here.

माम् (mām) - me

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

असुराः (asurāḥ) - Asuras (demons)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of asura

asura - demon, anti-god, a class of divine beings, opponent of the Devas

द्विषन्ति (dviṣanti) - they hate, they are hostile to

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of dviṣ

Present (laṭ)

Root dviṣ, class 2, Parasmaipada, laṭ (present), 3rd person plural

Root: dviṣ (class 2)

ये (ye) - who, which (plural)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - who, which

मे (me) - my, to me, for me

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: Used as genitive or dative in enclitic form

शिष्यम् (śiṣyam) - student, disciple

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śiṣya

śiṣya - student, pupil, disciple

Gerundive/Future Passive Participle

From root śās (to teach), with suffix -ya. Means 'one who is to be taught'.

Root: śās (class 2)

अनागसम् (anāgasam) - innocent, faultless

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of anāgas

anāgas - faultless, innocent, sinless

Compound (Na-tatpurusha) of 'an' (not) and 'āgas' (fault)

Compound type : na-tatpuruṣa (an+āgas)

• an – not, un-
  indeclinable
• āgas – fault, offence, crime, sin
  noun (neuter)

सूदयन्ति (sūdayanti) - they kill, they destroy

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of sūd

Present (laṭ)

Root sūd, class 10 (or caus. of sad), Parasmaipada, laṭ (present), 3rd person plural

Root: sūd (class 10)

अब्राह्मणम् (abrāhmaṇam) - non-brahmin, one who is not a brahmin

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of abrāhmaṇa

abrāhmaṇa - not a brahmin, an outcast, a non-brahmin

Compound (Na-tatpurusha) of 'a' (not) and 'brāhmaṇa' (brahmin)

Compound type : na-tatpuruṣa (a+brāhmaṇa)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• brāhmaṇa – a brahmin, belonging to Brahmins
  noun (masculine)

कर्तुम् (kartum) - to do, to make

(indeclinable)

Infinitive (tumun)

Root kṛ, class 8, Parasmaipada, tumun (infinitive)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Infinitive form, hence indeclinable

इच्छन्ति (icchanti) - they wish, they desire

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of iṣ

Present (laṭ)

Root iṣ, class 6, Parasmaipada, laṭ (present), 3rd person plural

Root: iṣ (class 6)

रौद्राः (raudrāḥ) - fierce, terrible, wrathful

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of raudra

raudra - fierce, terrible, wrathful, formidable

ते (te) - those, they

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

माम् (mām) - me

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

यथा (yathā) - as, just as, according to

(indeclinable)

प्रस्तुतम् (prastutam) - presented [with a challenge] or treated (presented, offered, begun)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of prastuta

prastuta - presented, offered, commenced, praised, treated

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root stu (to praise) with upasarga pra- or from root sthū with pra-

Prefix: pra

Root: stu (class 2)

Note: Could also be masculine singular accusative, referring to 'me'.

दानवैः (dānavaiḥ) - by the Danavas

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of dānava

dānava - a Danava (a class of Asuras, descendants of Danu)

हि (hi) - indeed, for

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - also, even, whether

(indeclinable)

अस्य (asya) - of this, of him

(pronoun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, he, she, it

पापस्य (pāpasya) - of sin, of evil

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of pāpa

pāpa - evil, sin, wicked, bad; sin, vice

भवेत् (bhavet) - may there be, should be

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of bhū

Optative (liṅ)

Root bhū, class 1, Parasmaipada, liṅ (optative), 3rd person singular

Root: bhū (class 1)

इह (iha) - here, in this world

(indeclinable)

अन्तः (antaḥ) - end, limit

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of anta

anta - end, boundary, limit, vicinity

कम् (kam) - whom, what

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ka

ka - who, what, which

ब्रह्महत्या (brahmahatyā) - brahmahatya (the sin of killing a brahmin)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of brahmahatyā

brahmahatyā - the killing of a brahmin, brahmahatya (a great sin)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (brahman+hatyā)

• brahman – Brahmin, sacred knowledge, the Absolute
  noun (masculine)
• hatyā – killing, murder, slaughter
  noun (feminine)
  Root: han (class 2)

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

दहेत् (dahet) - would it burn, would it consume

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of dah

Optative (liṅ)

Root dah, class 1, Parasmaipada, liṅ (optative), 3rd person singular

Root: dah (class 1)

अपि (api) - even, also

(indeclinable)

इन्द्रम् (indram) - Indra

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of indra

indra - Indra (king of the gods)