महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-71, verse-35

शुक्र उवाच ।
बृहस्पतेः सुतः पुत्रि कचः प्रेतगतिं गतः ।
विद्यया जीवितोऽप्येवं हन्यते करवाणि किम् ॥३५॥

35. śukra uvāca ,
bṛhaspateḥ sutaḥ putri kacaḥ pretagatiṁ gataḥ ,
vidyayā jīvito'pyevaṁ hanyate karavāṇi kim.

35. śukraḥ uvāca bṛhaspateḥ sutaḥ putri kacaḥ pretagatim
gataḥ vidyayā jīvitaḥ api evam hanyate karavāṇi kim

35. Shukra said: 'Daughter, Kacha, the son of Brihaspati, has died. Even if he is revived by knowledge, he is repeatedly killed in this manner. What can I do?'

Words meanings summery:

• शुक्रः (śukraḥ) - Shukra (proper name), pure, bright

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke

• बृहस्पतेः (bṛhaspateḥ) - of Brihaspati

• सुतः (sutaḥ) - son

• पुत्रि (putri) - daughter

• कचः (kacaḥ) - Kacha (proper name)

• प्रेतगतिम् (pretagatim) - state of the departed, death

• गतः (gataḥ) - has gone (to the state of the departed) (gone, attained)

• विद्यया (vidyayā) - by the knowledge (of reviving the dead) (by knowledge, by learning)

• जीवितः (jīvitaḥ) - revived, made alive, living

• अपि (api) - even, also

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

• हन्यते (hanyate) - is repeatedly killed (is killed, is being killed)

• करवाणि (karavāṇi) - may I do, should I do

• किम् (kim) - what? why?

Words meanings and morphology

शुक्रः (śukraḥ) - Shukra (proper name), pure, bright

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śukra

śukra - Shukra (the preceptor of the Asuras), pure, bright

उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (Liṭ) of uvāca

Perfect Active

3rd person singular perfect active of √vac

Root: vac (class 2)

बृहस्पतेः (bṛhaspateḥ) - of Brihaspati

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of bṛhaspati

bṛhaspati - Brihaspati (preceptor of the gods)

सुतः (sutaḥ) - son

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of suta

suta - son, offspring

पुत्रि (putri) - daughter

(noun)

Vocative, feminine, singular of putrī

putrī - daughter

कचः (kacaḥ) - Kacha (proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kaca

kaca - Kacha (son of Brihaspati)

प्रेतगतिम् (pretagatim) - state of the departed, death

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of pretagati

pretagati - state of the departed, destination of ghosts, death

Compound type : tatpurusha (preta+gati)

• preta – departed, dead, ghost
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  PPP of √i with prefix pra
  Prefix: pra
  Root: i (class 2)
• gati – going, motion, state, condition, destination
  noun (feminine)
  Root: gam (class 1)

गतः (gataḥ) - has gone (to the state of the departed) (gone, attained)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gata

gata - gone, arrived, attained

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root gam (to go)

Root: gam (class 1)

विद्यया (vidyayā) - by the knowledge (of reviving the dead) (by knowledge, by learning)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of vidyā

vidyā - knowledge, learning, science, magic spell

जीवितः (jīvitaḥ) - revived, made alive, living

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jīvita

jīvita - revived, living, alive

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root jīv (to live)

Root: jīv (class 1)

अपि (api) - even, also

(indeclinable)

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

(indeclinable)

हन्यते (hanyate) - is repeatedly killed (is killed, is being killed)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (Laṭ) of hanyate

Present Passive

3rd person singular present passive of √han

Root: han (class 2)

करवाणि (karavāṇi) - may I do, should I do

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, imperative (Loṭ) of karavāṇi

Imperative Active

1st person singular imperative active of √kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

किम् (kim) - what? why?

(indeclinable)