महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-71, verse-16

स गत्वा त्वरितो राजन्देवैः संप्रेषितः कचः ।
असुरेन्द्रपुरे शुक्रं दृष्ट्वा वाक्यमुवाच ह ॥१६॥

16. sa gatvā tvarito rājandevaiḥ saṁpreṣitaḥ kacaḥ ,
asurendrapure śukraṁ dṛṣṭvā vākyamuvāca ha.

16. saḥ gatvā tvaritaḥ rājan devaiḥ sampreṣitaḥ kacaḥ
| asurendrapure śukram dṛṣṭvā vākyam uvāca ha

16. O King, Kacha, who was sent by the Devas, quickly went to the city of the Asura king and, upon seeing Śukra, spoke these words.

16. הו מלך, קַצ׳ַה, ששלחו אותו האלים, הלך במהירות אל עיר מלך האַסוּרַה, פגש שם את שׁוּקְרַה ואמר לו,

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - (Kacha) (he, that)

• गत्वा (gatvā) - having gone

• त्वरितः (tvaritaḥ) - quickly (quick, hastened, swiftly)

• राजन् (rājan) - O King

• देवैः (devaiḥ) - by the Devas, by the gods

• सम्प्रेषितः (sampreṣitaḥ) - sent, dispatched

• कचः (kacaḥ) - Kacha (proper noun)

• असुरेन्द्रपुरे (asurendrapure) - in the city of Vṛṣaparvan, the Asura king (in the city of the lord of Asuras)

• शुक्रम् (śukram) - Śukra (the preceptor) (Śukra (proper noun), bright, pure)

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

• वाक्यम् (vākyam) - these words (word, speech, sentence)

• उवाच (uvāca) - he spoke, he said

• ह (ha) - indeed, certainly (particle)

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - (Kacha) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

गत्वा (gatvā) - having gone

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Absolutive form of √gam (to go).

Root: gam (class 1)

त्वरितः (tvaritaḥ) - quickly (quick, hastened, swiftly)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tvarita

tvarita - quick, speedy, hastened, urgent

Past Passive Participle

Past Passive Participle of √tvar (to hasten)

Root: tvar (class 1)

Note: Agrees with Kacha.

राजन् (rājan) - O King

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Root: rāj (class 1)

देवैः (devaiḥ) - by the Devas, by the gods

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of deva

deva - a god, a deity

Note: Agent of the passive participle 'sampreṣitaḥ'.

सम्प्रेषितः (sampreṣitaḥ) - sent, dispatched

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sampreṣita

sampreṣita - sent, dispatched, ordered

Past Passive Participle

Past Passive Participle of √iṣ (to send) with upasargas sam and pra.

Prefixes: sam+pra

Root: iṣ (class 4)

कचः (kacaḥ) - Kacha (proper noun)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kaca

kaca - Kacha (name of a sage, son of Bṛhaspati)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

असुरेन्द्रपुरे (asurendrapure) - in the city of Vṛṣaparvan, the Asura king (in the city of the lord of Asuras)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of asurendrapura

asurendrapura - city of the chief of Asuras

Compound type : tatpurusha (asura+indra+pura)

• asura – demon, anti-god
  noun (masculine)
• indra – chief, lord, king (also the god Indra)
  noun (masculine)
• pura – city, town, fortress
  noun (neuter)

शुक्रम् (śukram) - Śukra (the preceptor) (Śukra (proper noun), bright, pure)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śukra

śukra - bright, clear, white; the planet Venus; name of the preceptor of the Asuras

Note: Object of 'dṛṣṭvā'.

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Absolutive form of √dṛś (to see).

Root: dṛś (class 1)

वाक्यम् (vākyam) - these words (word, speech, sentence)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vākya

vākya - speech, word, sentence, statement

Root: vac

Note: Object of 'uvāca'.

उवाच (uvāca) - he spoke, he said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect tense

Perfect active voice, 3rd person singular, of √vac (to speak). Irregular form.

Root: vac (class 2)

ह (ha) - indeed, certainly (particle)

(indeclinable)

Note: Often untranslated in smooth English prose.

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