योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-7, chapter-80, verse-17

श्रीराम उवाच ।
किं स तादृग्विधो रुद्रः किं कृष्णः किं महाकृतिः ।
किं पञ्चवदनः कस्माद्दशबाहुः स तिष्ठति ॥ १७ ॥

śrīrāma uvāca ,
kiṃ sa tādṛgvidho rudraḥ kiṃ kṛṣṇaḥ kiṃ mahākṛtiḥ ,
kiṃ pañcavadanaḥ kasmāddaśabāhuḥ sa tiṣṭhati 17

17. śrīrāma uvāca kim saḥ tādṛgvidhaḥ rudraḥ kim kṛṣṇaḥ kim
mahākṛtiḥ kim pañcavadanah kasmāt daśabāhuḥ saḥ tiṣṭhati

17. śrīrāma uvāca.
kim saḥ rudraḥ tādṛgvidhaḥ? kim kṛṣṇaḥ? kim mahākṛtiḥ? kim pañcavadanah? kasmāt saḥ daśabāhuḥ tiṣṭhati?

17. Śrī Rāma said: 'Is Rudra indeed of such a form? Is he dark? Is he of gigantic stature? Is he five-faced? And why does he appear with ten arms?'

Words meanings summery:

• श्रीराम (śrīrāma) - Śrī Rāma

• उवाच (uvāca) - said (said, spoke)

• किम् (kim) - is it that...? (interrogative) (what? why? interrogative particle)

• सः (saḥ) - he (Rudra) (he, that)

• तादृग्विधः (tādṛgvidhaḥ) - of such a form (of such a kind, such-like, such a form)

• रुद्रः (rudraḥ) - Rudra

• किम् (kim) - is it that...? (interrogative) (what? why? interrogative particle)

• कृष्णः (kṛṣṇaḥ) - dark (in complexion) (black, dark; Krishna (deity))

• किम् (kim) - is it that...? (interrogative) (what? why? interrogative particle)

• महाकृतिः (mahākṛtiḥ) - of gigantic stature (of great form, gigantic, huge-bodied)

• किम् (kim) - is it that...? (interrogative) (what? why? interrogative particle)

• पञ्चवदनह् (pañcavadanah) - five-faced

• कस्मात् (kasmāt) - why? (why? from what?)

• दशबाहुः (daśabāhuḥ) - ten-armed

• सः (saḥ) - he (Rudra) (he, that)

• तिष्ठति (tiṣṭhati) - appears, stands (stands, remains, exists, stays)

Words meanings and morphology

श्रीराम (śrīrāma) - Śrī Rāma

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śrīrāma

śrīrāma - Śrī Rāma (an epithet of the deity Rāma)

Compound of `śrī` (auspicious) and `rāma` (Rāma)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (śrī+rāma)

• śrī – auspicious, prosperous, revered, beauty
  adjective (feminine)
• rāma – Rāma (a prominent deity in Hinduism, hero of the Ramayana), pleasing, delightful
  proper noun (masculine)
  From root `ram` (to delight)
  Root: ram (class 1)

Note: Subject of the verb `uvāca`.

उवाच (uvāca) - said (said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect Active

Irregular perfect form of `vac`

Root: vac (class 2)

किम् (kim) - is it that...? (interrogative) (what? why? interrogative particle)

(indeclinable)

Also functions as a pronoun. Here, it's an indeclinable particle.

Note: Introduces a question.

सः (saḥ) - he (Rudra) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun

Note: Subject.

तादृग्विधः (tādṛgvidhaḥ) - of such a form (of such a kind, such-like, such a form)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tādṛgvidha

tādṛgvidha - of such a kind, such-like, such a form

Compound formed from `tādṛś` (such) and `vidha` (kind, sort)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (tādṛś+vidha)

• tādṛś – such, such-like
  adjective
• vidha – kind, sort, manner
  noun (masculine)

Note: Predicate adjective.

रुद्रः (rudraḥ) - Rudra

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rudra

rudra - Rudra, a roarer, a formidable deity, Shiva

From root `rud` (to cry, to roar)

Root: rud (class 2)

किम् (kim) - is it that...? (interrogative) (what? why? interrogative particle)

(indeclinable)

कृष्णः (kṛṣṇaḥ) - dark (in complexion) (black, dark; Krishna (deity))

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṛṣṇa

kṛṣṇa - black, dark, dark-blue; Krishna (a deity)

Root: kṛṣ (class 6)

Note: Predicate adjective.

किम् (kim) - is it that...? (interrogative) (what? why? interrogative particle)

(indeclinable)

महाकृतिः (mahākṛtiḥ) - of gigantic stature (of great form, gigantic, huge-bodied)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahākṛti

mahākṛti - of great form, gigantic, huge-bodied

Compound formed from `mahā` (great) and `kṛti` (form, shape, action)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+kṛti)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• kṛti – form, shape, action, creation
  noun (feminine)
  From root `kṛ` (to do/make)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Predicate adjective.

किम् (kim) - is it that...? (interrogative) (what? why? interrogative particle)

(indeclinable)

पञ्चवदनह् (pañcavadanah) - five-faced

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pañcavadan

pañcavadan - five-faced

Bahuvrīhi compound

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (pañca+vadana)

• pañca – five
  numeral
• vadana – face, mouth
  noun (neuter)
  From root `vad` (to speak)
  Root: vad (class 1)

Note: Predicate adjective.

कस्मात् (kasmāt) - why? (why? from what?)

(indeclinable)

Ablative singular of `kim`, used adverbially.

Note: Null for gender/number/case_name as it is adverbialized.

दशबाहुः (daśabāhuḥ) - ten-armed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of daśabāhu

daśabāhu - ten-armed

Bahuvrīhi compound

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (daśa+bāhu)

• daśa – ten
  numeral
• bāhu – arm
  noun (masculine)

Note: Predicate adjective.

सः (saḥ) - he (Rudra) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun

Note: Subject.

तिष्ठति (tiṣṭhati) - appears, stands (stands, remains, exists, stays)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (lat) of sthā

Present Active

From root `sthā`, class 1.

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Finite verb.