योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-5, chapter-24, verse-28

हर्षामर्षविनाशाय तद्दैवमिति कथ्यते ।
दैवं नियतिरूपं च पौरुषेणोपजीयते ॥ २८ ॥

harṣāmarṣavināśāya taddaivamiti kathyate ,
daivaṃ niyatirūpaṃ ca pauruṣeṇopajīyate 28

28. harṣa amarṣa vināśāya tat daivam iti kathyate
daivam niyati rūpam ca pauruṣeṇa upajīyate

28. harṣa amarṣa vināśāya tat daivam iti kathyate
ca daivam niyati rūpam pauruṣeṇa upajīyate

28. —that is called "fate" (daiva) in order to quell excessive joy or indignation. And this fate, even in the form of destiny (niyati), can be overcome by human effort (pauruṣa).

Words meanings summery:

• हर्ष (harṣa) - excessive joy (joy, delight, happiness)

• अमर्ष (amarṣa) - indignation (indignation, anger, impatience, intolerance)

• विनाशाय (vināśāya) - for the destruction of (harṣa and amarṣa) (for the destruction, for the ruin, for getting rid of)

• तत् (tat) - that (event/occurrence from the previous verse) (that, it (neuter nominative/accusative singular))

• दैवम् (daivam) - fate (fate, destiny, divine, what pertains to the gods)

• इति (iti) - indicates a definition (thus, so, in this manner, indicates a quote or definition)

• कथ्यते (kathyate) - is called (is said, is told, is called)

• दैवम् (daivam) - fate (fate, destiny, divine, what pertains to the gods)

• नियति (niyati) - destiny (concept) (destiny, fate, unalterable necessity, fixed rule)

• रूपम् (rūpam) - in the form of (form, shape, nature, image)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• पौरुषेण (pauruṣeṇa) - by human effort (by human effort, by manliness, by personal exertion)

• उपजीयते (upajīyate) - is overcome, is influenced (is overcome, is conquered, is made to be subservient, is supported by)

Words meanings and morphology

हर्ष (harṣa) - excessive joy (joy, delight, happiness)

(noun)

masculine, singular of harṣa

harṣa - joy, delight, happiness

from hṛṣ (to be glad)

Root: hṛṣ (class 1)

Note: First part of a dvandva compound 'harṣāmarṣa'.

अमर्ष (amarṣa) - indignation (indignation, anger, impatience, intolerance)

(noun)

masculine, singular of amarṣa

amarṣa - indignation, anger, impatience, intolerance

from a-marṣa (not enduring)

Root: mṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Second part of a dvandva compound 'harṣāmarṣa'.

विनाशाय (vināśāya) - for the destruction of (harṣa and amarṣa) (for the destruction, for the ruin, for getting rid of)

(noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of vināśa

vināśa - destruction, ruin, disappearance

from vi + naś (to perish)

Prefix: vi

Root: naś (class 4)

Note: Here used with the compound 'harṣāmarṣa'.

तत् (tat) - that (event/occurrence from the previous verse) (that, it (neuter nominative/accusative singular))

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it

Note: Refers to the "yat...sampannam gatam" from the previous verse.

दैवम् (daivam) - fate (fate, destiny, divine, what pertains to the gods)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of daiva

daiva - fate, destiny, divine, what pertains to the gods

from deva (god)

इति (iti) - indicates a definition (thus, so, in this manner, indicates a quote or definition)

(indeclinable)

कथ्यते (kathyate) - is called (is said, is told, is called)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of kath

Passive Present

Present passive, 3rd person singular, from root kath (causative of kṛt)

Root: kath (class 10)

दैवम् (daivam) - fate (fate, destiny, divine, what pertains to the gods)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of daiva

daiva - fate, destiny, divine, what pertains to the gods

from deva (god)

नियति (niyati) - destiny (concept) (destiny, fate, unalterable necessity, fixed rule)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of niyati

niyati - destiny, fate, unalterable necessity, fixed rule

from ni + yam (to restrain/control)

Prefix: ni

Root: yam (class 1)

Note: Part of compound 'niyatirūpa'.

रूपम् (rūpam) - in the form of (form, shape, nature, image)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of rūpa

rūpa - form, shape, nature, image

Note: Forms compound 'niyatirūpa'.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

पौरुषेण (pauruṣeṇa) - by human effort (by human effort, by manliness, by personal exertion)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of pauruṣa

pauruṣa - human effort, manliness, personal exertion, virility

from puruṣa

उपजीयते (upajīyate) - is overcome, is influenced (is overcome, is conquered, is made to be subservient, is supported by)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of upajī

Passive Present

Present passive, 3rd person singular, from upa + ji (to conquer)

Prefix: upa

Root: ji (class 1)