योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-5, chapter-14, verse-8

जितमेव मनो विद्धि वस्तुतो यन्न विद्यते ।
निकटात्सा चिरास्तैव या शिला नैव विद्यते ॥ ८ ॥

jitameva mano viddhi vastuto yanna vidyate ,
nikaṭātsā cirāstaiva yā śilā naiva vidyate 8

8. jitam eva manaḥ viddhi vastutaḥ yat na vidyate
nikaṭāt sā cirāstā eva yā śilā na eva vidyate

8. manaḥ jitam eva viddhi vastutaḥ yat na vidyate
yā śilā na eva vidyate sā nikaṭāt cirāstā eva

8. Understand that the mind (manas) is truly conquered when it is realized that it does not, in reality, exist. A thing that does not truly exist is already long gone; it is like a stone that never was, not present even from close by.

Words meanings summery:

• जितम् (jitam) - conquered (conquered, subdued, won)

• एव (eva) - indeed, truly (indeed, only, certainly)

• मनः (manaḥ) - the mind (manas) (mind, intellect, thought)

• विद्धि (viddhi) - know, understand (know, understand, recognize)

• वस्तुतः (vastutaḥ) - in reality (in reality, truly, essentially)

• यत् (yat) - which (which, what, that)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• विद्यते (vidyate) - does exist (exists, is present)

• निकटात् (nikaṭāt) - from a nearby place (from near, from proximity)

• सा (sā) - that (referring to the non-existent thing) (she, that (feminine))

• चिरास्ता (cirāstā) - long gone (long gone, removed for a long time)

• एव (eva) - indeed (indeed, only, certainly)

• या (yā) - which (which (feminine))

• शिला (śilā) - a stone (stone, rock)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• एव (eva) - at all (emphatic) (indeed, only, certainly)

• विद्यते (vidyate) - does exist (exists, is present)

Words meanings and morphology

जितम् (jitam) - conquered (conquered, subdued, won)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of jita

jita - conquered, subdued, won

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root ji (class 1)

Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Qualifies manaḥ

एव (eva) - indeed, truly (indeed, only, certainly)

(indeclinable)

मनः (manaḥ) - the mind (manas) (mind, intellect, thought)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of manas

manas - mind, intellect, thought

Root: man (class 4)

विद्धि (viddhi) - know, understand (know, understand, recognize)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of vid

Imperative active

Root vid (class 2) in 2nd person singular imperative active

Root: vid (class 2)

वस्तुतः (vastutaḥ) - in reality (in reality, truly, essentially)

(indeclinable)

Suffix -tas forming adverb from vastu

यत् (yat) - which (which, what, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

विद्यते (vidyate) - does exist (exists, is present)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of vid

Present middle

Root vid (class 4) in present middle 3rd person singular

Root: vid (class 4)

निकटात् (nikaṭāt) - from a nearby place (from near, from proximity)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of nikaṭa

nikaṭa - near, proximity, vicinity

सा (sā) - that (referring to the non-existent thing) (she, that (feminine))

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she

चिरास्ता (cirāstā) - long gone (long gone, removed for a long time)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of cirāsta

cirāsta - long gone, long removed

Compound of cira (long time) and asta (gone)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (cira+asta)

• cira – long, for a long time
  indeclinable
• asta – set, gone, thrown
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Root as (class 4) or as (class 2) or as (class 10)
  Root: as (class 2)

Note: Qualifies sā

एव (eva) - indeed (indeed, only, certainly)

(indeclinable)

या (yā) - which (which (feminine))

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

शिला (śilā) - a stone (stone, rock)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of śilā

śilā - stone, rock

Root: śī (class 2)

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - at all (emphatic) (indeed, only, certainly)

(indeclinable)

विद्यते (vidyate) - does exist (exists, is present)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of vid

Present middle

Root vid (class 4) in present middle 3rd person singular

Root: vid (class 4)