योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-5, chapter-14, verse-22

तं दंशं दर्दुरो भुङ्क्ते व्यालस्तमपि दर्दुरम् ।
सर्पमुग्रं खगो हन्ति बभ्रुश्चैनं निकृन्तति ॥ २२ ॥

taṃ daṃśaṃ darduro bhuṅkte vyālastamapi darduram ,
sarpamugraṃ khago hanti babhruścainaṃ nikṛntati 22

22. tam daṃśam darduraḥ bhuṅkte vyālaḥ tam api darduram
sarpam ugram khagaḥ hanti babhruḥ ca enam nikṛntati

22. darduraḥ tam daṃśam bhuṅkte vyālaḥ api tam darduram
(bhuṅkte) khagaḥ ugram sarpam hanti babhruḥ ca enam nikṛntati

22. A frog eats a fly. A snake, in turn, eats that frog. A bird kills the fierce snake, and a mongoose then tears apart that bird.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - that (him, it, that)

• दंशम् (daṁśam) - a fly, a mosquito (bite, mosquito, gadfly)

• दर्दुरः (darduraḥ) - frog

• भुङ्क्ते (bhuṅkte) - eats (eats, enjoys, consumes)

• व्यालः (vyālaḥ) - a snake (snake, wild animal)

• तम् (tam) - that (him, it, that)

• अपि (api) - also, in turn (also, even, too)

• दर्दुरम् (darduram) - frog

• सर्पम् (sarpam) - snake

• उग्रम् (ugram) - fierce (fierce, terrible, mighty)

• खगः (khagaḥ) - a bird (bird, one who moves in the sky)

• हन्ति (hanti) - kills (kills, strikes, destroys)

• बभ्रुः (babhruḥ) - a mongoose (mongoose, brown, tawny)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• एनम् (enam) - it (referring to the bird) (him, it, this)

• निकृन्तति (nikṛntati) - tears apart (cuts, tears apart, rends)

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - that (him, it, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Pronominal stem

दंशम् (daṁśam) - a fly, a mosquito (bite, mosquito, gadfly)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of daṃśa

daṁśa - a bite, a gadfly, a mosquito, a stinging insect

From root daṃś (to bite)

Root: daṃś (class 1)

दर्दुरः (darduraḥ) - frog

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dardura

dardura - frog

भुङ्क्ते (bhuṅkte) - eats (eats, enjoys, consumes)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of bhuj

Present tense

Ātmanepada, 3rd person singular, present tense

Root: bhuj (class 7)

व्यालः (vyālaḥ) - a snake (snake, wild animal)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vyāla

vyāla - a snake, a beast of prey, a wild animal

तम् (tam) - that (him, it, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Pronominal stem

अपि (api) - also, in turn (also, even, too)

(indeclinable)

दर्दुरम् (darduram) - frog

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dardura

dardura - frog

सर्पम् (sarpam) - snake

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sarpa

sarpa - snake, serpent

From root sṛp (to creep)

Root: sṛp (class 1)

उग्रम् (ugram) - fierce (fierce, terrible, mighty)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ugra

ugra - fierce, terrible, mighty, formidable

खगः (khagaḥ) - a bird (bird, one who moves in the sky)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of khaga

khaga - a bird, an arrow, a planet (lit. sky-goer)

Compound: kha + ga

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kha+ga)

• kha – sky, space, ether
  noun (neuter)
• ga – going, moving
  adjective (masculine)
  From root gam (to go)
  Root: gam (class 1)

हन्ति (hanti) - kills (kills, strikes, destroys)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of han

Present tense

Parasmaipada, 3rd person singular, present tense

Root: han (class 2)

बभ्रुः (babhruḥ) - a mongoose (mongoose, brown, tawny)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of babhru

babhru - tawny, brown; a mongoose

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

एनम् (enam) - it (referring to the bird) (him, it, this)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ena

ena - this, that, him, her, it

Pronominal stem, variant of 'etad'

निकृन्तति (nikṛntati) - tears apart (cuts, tears apart, rends)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of kṛnt

Present tense

Parasmaipada, 3rd person singular, present tense, with prefix 'ni'

Prefix: ni

Root: kṛnt (class 6)